| The dissertation with the premise of the full understanding of the mechanism of bioaugmentation, and choose aniline as the target pollutants. In order to solve the problems such as the low temperature in cold northeast winter and poor effect of biological treatment engineering for special industrial wastewater, study of a highly efficient cold tolerance aniline degrading bacteria JH-9, as well as the characteristics of enhanced performance, and the first to put forward a "combined pellet" concept. The technic exploiture of mycelium pellet produced during fermentation process was developed. With the immobilization technique of mixed bacteria, the high effiency cold tolerance bacteria were fixed onto biomass carrier. Formation process and performance of the combined pellet was detailed descripted, and pellet formation mechanism has been discussed.An aniline-degrading flora, Jihua sludge, which has high efficiency at low temperature, was enriched by alternating temperature culture and screened out from four different samples. They were active sludge of aeration tank from wastewater treatment plant of Jilin chemical plant, active sludge of aeration tank from domestic wastewater treatment plant which applied at low temperature, high-efficiency bacterica preserved by laboratory and the mixture of them. As a psychrotroph flora, the flora prossessed high flocculating capability and forming zoogloea capability. Strain JH-9 which was able to use sole carbon and nitrogen source for grouth was isolated from jihua slduge at low temperature. It was classified as Acinetobacter-calcoaceticus by gas chromato-graphy of bacterial fatty acids with the MIDI Sherlock Microbial Identification System and 16S rRNA. Degradation of aniline by strain JH-9 was investigated in the physiological and ecological aspects such as environmental genes, the components of substrate, the quantity of inoculability, metabolism with two substrates mixing and the kinetics of the reaction. It was found that the optimum condition was pH 7.0, C/P 1:1~2:1, 10%(v/v) with the quantity of inoculability. Glucose and trace element could accelerate degradation of aniline while phenol was opposite. With same aniline concentration, the degradation rate depended on initial aniline concentration. With low organic compound concentration, the degradation rate was high and the degradation process was in accordance with Monod equation; with high organic compound concentration, the degradation rate was low and the degradation process was in accordance with Haldane equation.Aniline-degrading bacterica JH-9, jihua sludge, and the flora with the same amount of JH-9 and jihua sludge mixing were casted to SBRs to look into their ability to remove aniline and see out diversification of TOC, TN, interrelated index by microorganism from a fullscale biotreatment system treating aniline. Diversity of the communities was analysed before or after casting microorganisms by DGGE. It was found that at 12℃, rotate speed of 160r/min, pH of 5 and each cycle of 48h, three bioaugmentation systems enhanced aniline removal, the rate of aniline removal was 74.2%～100% and the rate of TOC removal was 83%～88.8%. The heterophic bacteria had the dominance than nitrobacteria in SBRs.Simultaneity we also reviewed the effect of bioaugmentation in different conditions with aniline concentration burthen, pH burthen, phenol burthen and starvling. It was found that each system emerged respective advantage. Strain JH-9 had the good effect of aniline removal in pH burthen while the flora was ascendant in aniline concentration burthen and phenol burthen. At last, jihua sludge had the finer rate of degradating aniline in hungered environment. During the experiments of bioagumentation, the effect of removal of TOC in the systems with aggrandizement was better than that in system for comparison, while there was no advantage for the removal of TN in all systems.Immobilized strain JH-9 with simultaneity culture and adsorption respectively, with mycelium pellet forming by aspergillus Y3 as the biomass carrier. It is the first time to propose a new immobilization method-simultaneity culture method. Comparative results of the two methods showed that: simultaneity culture method has many advantages such as more immobilization bacteria, bigger cumuli volum, more pellets, and shorter pellet diameter, light gross weight and small relative density. No matter mycelium crosslinking or not, bacteria within the combined pellet foaming by simultaneity culture method are growing equably on each of the mycelium. But the bacteria within the combined pellet forming by adsorption method are existted on the cross-platform forming with number of mycelium only. Then we review the degrading performance of the combined pellet. The result shows that it maintained a good performance of strain JH-9, combined pellet forming by simultaneity culture method has better steady and permanence degrading performance than that foaming by adsorption method. Compired with immbolized ceramsite, combined pellet has a small advantage in aniline degradation performance. The result of regeneration experiment shows that combined pellet regenerated by fragment breedding can keep high aniline degradationg ability. In order to text bioaugmentation performance of combined pellet in reactor, combined pellet, strain JH-9 and Jihua sludge was casted into SBRs. The result shows that the aniline removal rate of output was 100% and the COD removal rate above 60% from the third running period, as the input aniline concentration was 130mg/L, and this result was stay the course. Through tracing the formation process and mechanism of combined pellt, we found that combined pellet forming by simultaneity culture method with aspergillus Y3 and strain JH-9 experienced four stages, and the main pellet forming reasons are the electrostatic attraction and cell surface adhesion.
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