Analysis Based On The Literature, Lung And Large Intestine, "treatment Of The Law And Its Relationship Study

The exterior-interior relationship between the lung and the large intestine, which have been effectively guiding the clinical practice, is one of the most important parts of traditional ChineseMedicine (TCM) basic theory. Yet its modern theoretical connotation and clinical application research relatively lags behind, consequently clinical applications are limited. So it is urgent to carry out the theoretical research. It was proposed in this research project that" the lung and large intestine exist correlation on physiology, pathology, the same with the performance of syndromes and therapeutic effects".Objective:To summarize the publications on "Exterior-interior relationship between the lung and the large intestine", to discuss the literature basis, to enrich its theoretical intension, to open out the law of its syndrome and treatment, to elucidate the physiological and pathological relationship between the lung and the large intestine, furthermore, to guide the clinic and to improve the clinical effect.Methods:1 The traditional texture analysis methods were adopted to summarize the literatures in the ancient Chinese Medicine books and modern national and international database nearly 30 years on exterior-interior relationship between the lung and the large intestine;2 The statistical methods were adopted to analyze the characters of the syndromes, the law of the principle of treatment and the prescriptions and drugs in the diseases related to the lung and the intestine;3 The data mining technique was adopted to analyze the relationship between symptoms, syndrome, principle of treatment, prescriptions, herbs and their meridian entry;4 The evidence-based medicine valuation methods were adopted to evaluate the quality and their clinical publications.Results:1 Arrangement of Ancient LiteraturesThe theory that the lung and large intestine are internally and externally related to each other appeared in the Qin and Han Dynasties, developed in Sui and Tang Dynasties, got advanced in Song and Yuan Dynasties and became perfect in Ming and Qing Dynasties.2 Sort of Modern Literatures Current researches on the theory hold the view that there is a coexistence of a variety of perspectives; foreign medical academics have realized the correlationship between the respiratory and digestive systems; in China, "Lung and Large Intestine" theory has been widely used in clinical medicine and dermopathy treatment; in modern experimental studies, animal models made by ligation and drug methods are applied to exploring the mechanism of lung diseases affecting large intestine, large intestine diseases affecting lung; physiologically and pathologically, the biological relationship between lung and large intestine has been confirmed.3 Analyses on Diagnosis and Treatment Regularity(1) Distribution Law of the Syndromeâ‘ Distribution Rule of the SymptomSymptoms of lung diseases distribution include pulmonary symptoms (cough, asthma, fever, short breath, expectoration, wheezing due to retention of phlegm in throat), intestinal symptoms (constipation, abdominal fullness), and phlegm-heat symptoms(red tongue, yellow tongue coating, yellow greasy tongue coating).Symptoms of large intestine diseases distribution include intestinal symptoms (constipation, hard stools, loss of appetite, abdominal fullness, diarrhea, abdominal pain),and pulmonary symptoms(cough),along with pale tongue, fatigue and other symptoms of qi-deficiency.â‘¡Distribution Characteristics of the SyndromeThe most common syndrome of pulmonary diseases is phlegm-heat obstructing lung, while the most common one of intestinal diseases is lung-qi deficiency. According to the pathological factors, vast majority of pulmonary diseases belong to excess syndrome, and the most common ones are due to sputum and heat, while vast majority intestinal diseases belong to deficiency syndrome, and the the most common disease factor is qi-deficiency.(2) Distribution Rule of the Therapy and the PrescriptionThe most common treatments for lung diseases are relieving constipation, clearing heat, dissipating phlegm, and purging heat, while treatments by relieving constipation, supplementing lung, smoothing intestine are used most frequently for intestine diseases.A majority of the formulas are self-created by doctors, in which drugs for pulmonary diseases are mostly used to clear heat, dissipate phlegm and relieve constipation, and drugs for intestinal diseases mostly tend to strengthen qi and relieve constipation. Herbs used in both pulmonary and intestinal diseases with high frequency are Trichosanthes, rhubarb, bitter almond, licorice, magnolia bark, citrus aurantium. In pulmonary diseases, the most commonly used herbs belong to phlem-resolving, cough-stopping, dyspnea-relieving and heat-clearing drugs, the main nature of which is cold. While the herbs for intestinal diseases belong to qi-invigorating drugs, the main nature of which is warm. The herbs referred above are mostly bitter and sweet, entering the lung, spleen, stomach, large intestine meridians.4 Association rules analysis(1) Diseases related to the lungSymptoms:cough, asthma, heat effusion, constipation, yellow urine, rapid and slippery pulse, red tongue, difficulty in breath. Syndrome:accumulation of phlem-heat in lung.Principle of treatment:purging heat, dredging fu-organ, dispersing lung, resolving phlem.Herbs:Gualou, Dahuang, Xingren. Meridians:lung and large intestine. The above are in strong correlation.(2) Diseases related to the intestineSymptoms:constipation, difficulty in defecation, abdominal distension, red tongue. Syndrome:deficiency of lung-qi. Principle of treatment:dredging fu-organ, supplementing qi, dispersing lung, and nourishing yin. Herbs:Gualou, Xingren, huangqi, maidong. Meridians:lung and large intestine. The above are in strong correlation.5 Evidence-based medical evaluation25 documents meet the randomly controlling requirements-19 of which are about the method of treating pulmonary diseases by treating intestines and 6 are about treating intestinal diseases by treating lung. However, there are still some problems that call for advanced scientific design and methodology in the future clinical trial programs.6 The relationship between the lung and large intestineThe relationship between the lung and large intestine is not just about meridian, but several coexisting relationships including meridians, ascending and descending of qi activity, water metabolism, conduction of food and water, moisture and dryness, induction of the exterior and interior and so on.Conclusions:The theory exterior-interior relationship between the lung and the large intestine, as the one of the basic theories of TCM, possesses solid theoretical, documentary and clinical bases. There are physical contact and pathological interaction between lung and large intestine, which demonstrate as a link between their symptoms and a synergistic curative effect in the treatment. The most common syndrome of pulmonary diseases is phlegm-heat obstructing lung, while the most common one of intestinal diseases is lung-qi deficiency. The most common treatments are both relieving constipation. And herbs used with high frequency are Trichosanthes, rhubarb, bitter almond, licorice, magnolia bark, citrus aurantium. Association rules analysis indicates that symptoms,Syndrome,Principle of treatment, herbs and meridians are in strong correlation. The relationship between the lung and large intestine includes meridians, ascending and descending of qi activity, water metabolism, conduction of food and water, moisture and dryness, induction of the exterior and interior and so on.