Income And Income Inequality On The Health Effects Of China's Rural Residents

With economic development, there is growing concern about health problems. Health is not just the needs of personal development and the needs of development of the family, but also social economic development.Judging from healthy economic field, health as the important human capital elements of income distribution of income and plays a vital role. China is a populous country, has always played a large proportion of the rural population. Health of rural residents in China not only affects the level of national health, but also affects the social and economic development. From the perspective of human capital theory, the rural residents of the rural labor supply determinants of health quality, quantity and the transfer of rural labor force, which directly affects the growth of income of the farmers.Since reform and opening up, even though the income level of rural residents have a very significant improvement in China, but the income of rural residents are still at a low level, and the growth rate slowed down, there is a certain level to improve the impact of health. For medical prices increases, some rural residents to reduce medical needs, lead to medical resources shortage. And some already out of poverty, but because of disease problems into a "poverty caused by, returning to poverty due to illness", the vicious circle of serious hindrance to solve the "Three agriculture-related problems". On the other hand, with the increase of income of rural residents, income inequality is also growing. To some extent, Income and the income inequality determines the allocation and utilization of scarce resources. The current medical resources in China is still a scarce resource, Which will also be restricted by income and the income inequality. In recent years, urban-rural income gap and the rural income gap continues to expand, resulting in unequal allocation and utilization of medical services and other more serious, more and better resources to high-income areas and residents flow, to the detriment of the rural population, especially The poor health of rural residents increased.Most domestic and international literature have been only concerned with absolute income or relative income on health of the population, and most of the literature focus only one level, or macro level or micro level, income, or income inequality on population health, few The literature the absolute income and relative income into the same analytical framework, and the levels from the interaction between different levels, analysis of income and the income gap between the health effects on residents. Therefore, the overall goal of this study is targeted China's rural residents, drawing on relevant theory and existing research, based on the income of rural residents in China and the income gap under the same analytical framework, from the perspective of the allocation and utilization of medical services, spatial correlation and micro-impact of heterogeneity analyze the influence of the income of rural residents and the income inequality on the health of rural residents. Through indepth analysis of income, the income inequality how to affect the health of rural residents for the government to take into account the different stages of growth income and inhibition of income inequality improving the health of residents put forward policy recommendations.This study draws the following basic conclusions:1. Increase the income of rural residents through the allocation and utilization of medical services will improve their health, but the marginal effect of improvement is diminishing. This paper considers the relationship between income and income inequality simultaneously, based on the perspective of the allocation and utilization of medical services and built simultaneous equations model, analyze the influence of the income of rural residents and the income inequality on the health of rural residents. According to the regression results show that income of rural residents will be through the allocation and utilization of medical services have positive health effects to rural residents, that is, income of rural residents Increased by improving the allocation and utilization of medical services, and promote the health status of rural residents and the improvement of the people, but because of medical costs and medical technology lags, the income of rural residents through the allocation and utilization of medical services to improve their health effects showed a decreasing trend.2. The impact of Rural income inequality and urban-rural income inequality on medical services respectively, are inverted "U"and "U" types, and medical services for rural residents is positive health effects. This paper considers the relationship between income and income inequality simultaneously, based on the perspective of the allocation and utilization of medical services and built simultaneous equations model, analyze the influence of the income of rural residents and the income inequality on the health of rural residents. According to the regression results show that rural income gap and urban-rural income gap on the impact of health care services in rural areas, respectively, and are inverted U-U, and According to rural income gap and income gap between urban and rural areas to determine the stage at present, both will be through the allocation and use of medical services in rural areas adversely affect the health of residents. Therefore, by improving rural health services configuration and utilization, alleviate income disparities on the health effects of farmers is of great practical significance.3. Increase income of rural residents to improve their level of health status than rural income gap and urban-rural income gap on the adverse health effects of rural residents. In this paper, respectively, of income and the income gap analysis on the health effects of rural residents, based on further analysis of the income gap between income and health of rural residents on the combined effect of the results, the results show that the income of rural residents and the current status of the income gap, the overall expression The impact on the health of rural residents are bad, that is, the increase in income of rural residents on improving the health status of rural residents than rural income level of rural-urban income gap and the gap between the health of rural residents adverse effects.4. Provincial income and the income gap between the health of residents of rural spatial spillover effects and spatial error shock effect. In this paper, configuration and utilization of medical services in the perspective of overall grasp of the income and the income gap on the health of rural residents, on this basis, the paper by constructing spatial econometric model, further analysis of income and income gap between different regions of rural residents Health effects of spatial correlation, the results show that among China's provincial income and the income gap on the health of rural residents have spillover effects of space and spatial error shock effect, that is the province of income and the income gap field of rural health of the population is not independent, But also by the neighboring provincial income and income inequality impact on the role of rural residents and the neighboring province of unobservable factors in the domain of other health effects on the role of rural residents. Therefore, improvement of rural residents in the development of the health level policy should be considered when neighboring provincial rural health, provincial co-ordination neighboring a medical service configuration and utilization of medical resources to improve the space allocation and utilization efficiency So as to promote the health of rural residents together.5. Income gap between the health of rural residents will have individual heterogeneity effect. On the basis of the above, we use 2006 CHNS data, through the establishment of multi-Logistic regression model, from a more microscopic point of view in-depth analysis of income disparity on the health of rural residents as well as the individual effect of income gap between rural residents in the micro-factors on individual health effects regression results show that:first, the income gap to a certain extent, explain the different counties of the rural population of individual differences in health exist; Second, the income of the health of residents is a major factor in the decision, and in the micro data, per capita income of rural households the impact of health in rural areas due to the different regions have different, but the income gap to some extent able to explain this difference; Finally, the rural income disparity on the income of rural residents have different health effects of individual differences for low-income rural residents greater impact on individual health, and the expanding income gap will weaken the lower per capita household income of rural residents have a positive effect on individual health.