"yuan Dynasty Selected State Adjectives Study

Yuan qu plays an important role in the study of descriptive adjectives, from which we can better understand the origin and evolution of descriptive adjectives.Just like shi of Tang dynasty and ci of Song dynasty, qu is the representative literature of Yuan dynasty. In Yuan qu, descriptive adjectives are very prospering. Not only the amount is much larger than before, but also many new styles have appeared. We have chosen Yuan qu xuan as our research subjective, which contains one hundred of scripts and can represent the status of Yuan qu well. We try to find the properties of the appliance of descriptive adjectives in yuan qu.The differences between descriptive adjectives and attributive adjectives became more obviously with the thriving of descriptive adjectives in yuan qu. In this article, descriptive adjectives have been studied by structure, syntactic and pragmatic features. The characteristics different from attributive adjectives have been deduced. The phonetic feature of descriptive adjectives has been considered for the first time. The instinct rhythm of yuan qu is from the initials, finals and tones of the character (syllable). The manner in which they are arranged reflect the emotion of drama. Meanwhile, different tunes (extrinsic rhythm) have their own characteristics. The achievement of yuan qu is the synchronization of instinct rhythm and extrinsic rhythm. This result is helpful for the singing of dramas.The numerical analysis method has been used to systematically study descriptive adjectives from sound, grammatical and pragmatic aspects. So the conclusions are based on quantitive analysis more than qualitive analysis. This makes our conclusions to be more representative and convincing.Both synchronic description and diachronic comparison have been applied in this article. Compared with the other linguistic data of the same era, such as san qu, xiao ling, jin ping mei, shui hu zhuan etc. we can master the language of that time. The studies from jia gu wen to mandarin and dialects are helpful to understand the origin and development of descriptive adjectives.