The Phonological Study Of Changshan Dialect In Shandong

Using western modern phonological theories and Chinese traditional theories, we studies modern Changshan dialect in Shangdong and yunzhulueji which reflected Changshan dialect three hundred years ago and bases corpus of it. From the synchronic angle, we compare contemporary Changshan dialect's sound with standard language and other dialects. From the diachronic angle ,we compare contemporary Chanshan dialect with it three hundred years ago, and interpret the process of Chanshan dialect's formation and the evolution from middle ages to Qing dynasty and modern times.At the same time ,we make an attempt at case studies on comprehensive research.This dissertation has seven chapters.Chapter one consists of general remarks with an introduction to the history of Changshan, the geography, brief account of the people and culture, the formation of changshan dialect, administrative divisions and the background of research ,further more ,the creation and research methods are introduced in this thesis. The modern changshan dialect belongs to Qilu mandarin. Chanshan lies on the border of Xiqi area and Dongwei area, so Changshan dialect shares many characteristics of transition. The immigration of Ming dynasty had had a tremendous effect on modern Changshan dialect. The modern Changshan dialect is the product of interplay of excontact and internal evolution.Chapter two depicts Changshan dialect's phonological system which divided into initial and final structural system, tonal and initial-final combinations, and compares it with standard language and guangyun in order to find the characteristics of Changshan's dialect. At the same time,we note the words of Changshan dialect.Chapter three introduces the phonological system of yunzhulueji. We think it reflected Changshan dialect three hundred years ago. It has 21 initials, 37 fmals,5 tones .In this part ,we also introduce the method of matching of Guangyun and Yunzhu in the excel. With this method we could find out the phonetic status in guangyun of the words in Yunzhu in half an hour, and the result will be presented in the proper blanks.Chapter four analyzes Changshan dialect's sound change .In initial aspect ,we analyze the sound change of Yi initial, Ying initial and Ri initial.In final aspect, we analyze the sound change of Kuo final category, division 3 of Tong final category , division 2 of open vowel at larynx, rounded division 3 of Yu final category. At tone aspect,we analyze the laws of tone develepment of Changshan dialect.Chapter five looks at the mutation in language stream with contemporary philologic theories. The characteristics of mutation in changshan dialect are supposed to be show by tone changing , light syllable, r-suffixation, z-suffixation,etc.我每is possibly the r-suffixation of women我们;Some final varied pattern of suffix子is actually r-suffixation;Changshan dialect's light syllable lies in every level of language and it has multifold forms; There is rich tone change of verbs which can present certain grammatical meanings in Changshan's dialect.Chapter six introintroduces Changshan dialect's some lingual phenomenon. We find that there is reinforcement and renovation in the words such dayang,dapen,or pen to zainali to express progressive aspect in Shandong dialects;We summarizes sound changes of了. We think the weaken process of了is a gradual and long-term process.The weak forms of north dialect are some segment of the process .Chapter seven is conclusion. We summarizes main content of the paper.