"comprehensive Mirror Tone Note Phonological Research

The Zizhitongjian Phonetic Exegeses (资治通鉴音注) written by Hu San-Xing in 1285, included 76,486 pieces of the primal phonetic materials. We took the reiteration in the primal materials away, and gained 8,414 pieces of the materials which we needed to study the phonetic sound during the end of Song and the beginning of Yuan Dynasty. In the selected phonetic materials, there were 86.98% phonetic features in Hu San-Xing's sound system equivalent to them in the Guangyun (广韵) and Jiyun (集韵), and 13.10% features were different from the two books.There were ten parts in this dissertation. The first part introduced the writer's life, writing course, the content and form about the book, and the study value in the recent Chinese phonology. At the same time, we also introduced our ways and means.In the second part, we listed 3,805 words noted by Hu San-Xing, according to the order about the 16 vowel groups in Middle Chinese phonetic system. And we found that all those words satisfied with our needs to reconstruct the phonetic system basically.The third chapter studied about the initial consonant system. According to phonetic change law, we concluded there were 31 initial consonants in the phonetic system, and reconstructed their phonetic value. Simultaneity, we also analyzed the reason for sound changes, compared the differences to the phonetic system to Mengguziyun (蒙古字韵)and Zhongyuanyinyun (中原音韵). Zizhitongjian Phonetic Exegeses (资治通鉴音注) had obvious characters about initial consonants: First, there were 9 voiced initial consonants we phoneticized them by b, v, d, ?, ?, ?, z, g, ?. Second, the initial consonant Fei (非) combined with Fu (敷), but Feng (奉) and Wei (微) kept their independency. Third, the initial consonant Ni (泥) and Niang (娘) were combined, and there were one or two words of the Yi (疑) became into Ni (泥). Fourth, the initial consonant groups of Zhi (知), Zhuang (庄), Zhang (章) were turned into the one group, it's [?]. In addition, there was an obvious Wu dialects characters that the [?] joined into [ts] again. Five, there were phonetic alternant between some initial consonants such as Cong (从) and Xie (邪), Chuan (船) and Chan (禅), Chan (禅) and Ri (日),Ying (影) and Yu (喻), Xia (匣) and Yu (喻), and a few Yi (疑)mixed to Xiao (晓), Xia (匣), Yun (云), and so on. And six, the devoicing proportion was 8.24% in the phonetic sound system.The fourth chapter was about the vowel phonemes system. By comparing with Middle Chinese phonology, we thought there were 23 groups, 61 vowel phonemes in the sound system of Zizhitongjian Phonetic Exegeses (资治通鉴音注). There were some characteristics in it: One, all the same group vowel phonemes in the same grade, same open or close and same tone, were combined. Two, the third and fourth grade vowel phonemes were combined. Three, the phonetic feature between the double Qie (重纽) were disappeared. Four, the same mixed phenomena occurred in the different vowel phonemes, such as between Jiang (江) and Dang (宕), between Geng (梗) and Zeng (曾), and between Zhi(止) and Xie (蟹). Five, there were some new vowel phonemes occurred, such as Zhisi (支思) and Chezhe (车遮). Six, the medial [i] came forth in the second grade open vowel phonemes after the laryngeal and dental initial consonants. Seven, the word syllable which ended by -m or -n were confused once in a while, but they still were independent. Eight, although the word syllable which ended by -p,-t,-k were confused by chance, they still kept their independence.The fifth chapter was about the tones. There were eight tones in Hu San-Xing's phonology. The tones about Ping (平), Shang (上), Qu (去) and Ru (入) were departed into two categories namely Yin (阴) and Yang (阳), for reason of the clear or voiced initial consonants. There were some examples about voiced Shang (上) tone changing to Qu (去) tone, but they were all independent.In the sixth chapter, we compared the likeness and the difference with Mengguziyun (蒙古字韵), Zhongyuanyinyun (中原音韵), and Zizhitongjian Phonetic Exegeses (资治通鉴音注). We also discussed the phonetic nature in the seventh chapter. It held the view that the phonology nature was the standard written pronunciation, and simultaneity, some Wu dialects characters were interfused in unconsciously. In the eighth chapter, we pointed out Jiang Hao's mistakes in which concluded by the same book before 26 years. The ninth chapter, we tabled, and put those relevant words in relevant place. And in the tenth, we summarized the dissertation.There were five monographs correlating to this dissertation arranged in the end. They were about the double Qie (重纽),the double rhymes (重韵), the sound changes in the fourth grade vowel phonemes, the media [i] of the second grade vowel phonemes, and the closed media of the labial, and so on.