City And Literature

This dissertation aims to discourse upon the relationship between city and leterature,focus on Han to South and North Dynasty.. consists of two parts.The first part analyzes the relationship of city and literati..the second parts discuss city calligraph.this paper has eight chapter.The first chapter introduce the city development situation during the period of Han to South and North Dynasty.and political is the remarkable characteristics of Chinese ancient city.The second chapter discuss on relationship of city and literati life.ancient has unque political resourses these political resourses can tranfer to culture resourses.form East jin Dynasty literature tranfer form Zhong Yuan to Jiang Nan little by little.The third chapter elaborates the question that how about the city life affected the literati mentality. This text expounded the vicissitude of city image. The rise of city is the symbol of civilization. City was the happy place that people looking forward to during the period of Shi Jing(诗经).Mountain forest(山林) was the synonym of dangerous until Han Dynasty. While the political situation became deteriorating since later period of East Han Dynasty,Literati were disppointed and separated with imperial power, they left the capital and went to other places in order to fend for themselves. Natural aesthetics were gradually on the rise, and the images of city became more and more deteriorated. Literati who living in city always feel anxious. The city fell upon hubbub and restlessness. The wanderers took city as foreign land which short of warmness and security. Scholars were contempted in the city.The fouth chapter focus on literati’s complex emotion on city and Mountain forest.They has complex attitudes on city.looking forward to live in mountain. They wandered between city and nature forever.personal garden show up in East Jin Dyansty.beatiful landscape ease their anxiety.literati can enjoy landscape on theirselves garden.Zhao Yin(朝隐)became a poetry life style..The fifh chapter discusses on the relationship between Jingdu Fu(京都赋) and city culture. Jingdu Fu focused on emperor palace, expanding the deception on the whole capital. Du Du’s Lun Du Fu (迁都赋)arouse the dispute of shifting capital, and also arouse the big discussion on the capital’s function. The dispute of shifting capital was virtually also the dispute of two governing ideas: Ba(霸)enterprise and Wang(王) enterprise. This dissertation investigates the image of Chang An and Luo Yang in Jingdu Fu. Chang An had the style of Ba, yet Luo Yang showed Wang demeanor. Jingdu Fu had the orthodox characteristic, hightlighting the sublime status of capital. Zhang Heng’s Er Jing Fu (二京赋)appeared the changes from royal court to ichii. Zhang Heng described more common customs life. The paint of Jingdu Fu became more truthful. The features of residential and civilian residential are co-exist. Zhang Heng’s Er Jing Fu was full of contradiction s and conflicts, in fact these were the appearance of multiple personality of himself and the refraction of social reality. The sixth chapter analyzes the city culture of Yue-Fu Poetry(乐府诗).Yue-Fu Poetry spreaded among the city. Many Yue-Fu Poetry were created by civilian, expressing the feeling of common people, lack of moralizing, showing the civilian’s love and hate.Han Yue-Fu Poetry shows city life of Han Dynasty in comprehensive. Wei-Jing(魏晋)Yue-Fu Poetry were almostly writen by scholars and its theme was the cheerful life of noble in city. It is expound the image of Chang An and Luo Yang on Liang Chen(梁陈) Scholar Yue-Fu Poetry .Poets were keen on the constructs of Chang An and Luo Yang, the road of Chang An(长安道)and the road of Luo Yang(洛阳道)expressed the ideal city scene of Liang Chen’s poets. Liang Chen’s Yue-Fu Poetry also in favor of the young people’s image of Chang An and Luo Yang. The young people of Chang An prefered to be chivalrous. The young people of Luo Yang were filled with literary talent.The seventh chapter discusses the ralationship between South Dynasty Yue-Fu Poetry(南朝乐府) and city culture. South Dynasty was a erotic society where people looking for amusement. The themes of Yue-Fu Poetry had always been the love between women and men. Wu-Ge(吴歌) and Xi-Qu(西曲) were the products of commerce prosperity.always perform in noble banquet and restauransts. Wu-Ge and Xi-Qu have occupational characteristics both in creation and perfomation.Althoght Wu-Ge and Xi-Qu were song by famale modal.but famale lack of independent in love. Because they were professional showgirl who must please male consumers. South Dynasty Yue Fu Poetry also have deep influence on Song Ci(宋词).The eighth chapter focuses on the city note novels of Pre-Tang Dynasty.Miscellanies about West Capital(西京杂记) and Buddhist Monasteries in Luoyang(洛阳伽蓝记)were the origin of city note novels that prossess many city information.It analysed the West Capital’s image of Miscellanies about West Capital. The imperial family of West Han Dynasty came down from high altar, and became the small talk among common people.Buddhist Monasteries in Luoyang took temples as key links, and spread out expounding Luoyang city in full domains. Buddhist Monasteries in Luoyang succeeded Lingual Arts and aim from Jingdu Fu. This text also probed the image of Luoyang, and the concept of multidimensional space and time in Buddhist Monasteries in Luoyang which also had deep effection to the later city note novels.