The Transformation Of The Social Policy Implementation In The Transitional Period Of China

Policy implementation has a long history, but until the 1950s the shortage problem of policy implementation in western countries, policy researchers began to focus on the relevance between the policy execution and policy goals. Early policy scholars believe that policy making can achieve the goal, but it was not aware of that from implementation to achieve the goal have many variable factors. Policy, the researchers also found that all of the policy or plan of the main reason of failure is not the policy subject, object, resources and etc., but there was a problem in policy implementation mode. As a result, To select the tool of policy execution and the methods begin to enter the vision of researchers. Researchers through the selection of tools and policy objectives found that there was a connection point, the connection point is ---- transformation. Which for western countries to achieve national goals and social recovery and welfare development has played a positive effect. With the development of society and economy, realize the goal of policy has become the core of the policy process, it further analyses the policy transformation and innovation to achieve the goal, the significance of these have greatly promoted the research progress of policy implementation, further enrich the experience of western research, expands the international comparison of policy implementation research significance.From 1978 to the mid 1990s, our country has always been to focus on economic policy, social policy did not get the attention and effective execution. From the point of local government policy implementation procedure in China, local government policy implementation in China generally go through the process of the pilot and comprehensive promotion stage. In the 1980s, the comprehensive development of Chinese social policy in the face of China's economic system reform and opening to the outside of the background, in order to deal with a lot of social problems at that time, to solve the problems due to the economic reform system coordination mentioned issues of reform. The development of market economy make the relation of the central government and local government become the focus of the reform, aiming at the transformation of social economic system, the local government how to run also on the agenda, it is the power of this transformation to promote the development of the local decentralization in China, which makes local government become the important force to promote China's rapid economic growth. Therefore, the research of social policy execution and how to better achieve social policy is very important, not only has very urgent practical significance, but also has important academic value.In this paper, the main research question is:in the process of policy implementation in China, local governments in the process is how to perform? What is the local government policy implementation patterns or characteristics? What is the results of local government policy implementation under the patterns and characteristics? The results whether conform to the central government and local government in the process of policy execution target or common goals? If not,the local government how to uitilize the transformation mode to conform the goal? Under the decentralization perspective, this paper take the central government and local government relationship as the basis of policy implementation transformation, through the transitional period of Chinese social policy execution model, and three specific case analysis found that in the process of policy implementation, because affected by the factors such as discretion and benefit gambling, some have realized the policy goals, some did not achieve policy objectives. All of these results and closely related to the transfonnation, further analyses the causes of policy implementation transformation and policy implementation way, finally realizes the innovation of social policies.The research method of this paper is first based on the domestic and foreign policy, the policy transformation and innovation of literature review and comparative reference, in the perspective of the decentralization theory, first determine the concept of policy transformation, analyzes the two main factors in the decentralized perspective influencing the policy transformation. The first is discretionary, the second is the interest game. To refine the policy execution model, and then through three specific cases in the field of social policy, education policy, housing policy, and aid policy for text analysis, according to the positive and negative effects of policy implementation results, puts forward the structure of the policy transformation conversion mode and the transformation process model, and from the concept of text translation, conversion, decision-making, role transformation as well as the open method of coordination to implement the policy transformation and eventually to the policy innovation.Finally, through the research conclude that:first, China's social policy execution mode. Through the analysis of the western countries and China's policy implementation, and found that the implementation of western model does not fully explain China's economic system structure under the policy execution problem, policy implementation in western countries need new modification and supplement, make policy implementation theory more perfect. Second, China's social policy implementation transformation mode. Through the existing results, in the perspective of the decentralization theory, from the perspective of local governments, analyzes the problems in policy implementation of the policy transformation and possible policy innovation, will actively promote our country to achieve the goals of policy implementation, and further promote the development of policy innovation. And eventually on the basis of policy innovation to achieve the ultimate goal of the central government. Therefore, the policy innovation will be through social policy execution in our country transformation mode to achieve the goal is the new trend.