Idea Of Taking Advantage Of Innate Nature-approach To The Art Of Miniature Landscape In China And Japan

There are many kinds of the Arts of Miniature Landscapes in East Asia, especiallyin China and Japan. In this paper, the Art of Miniature Landscape indicates the shapedobject which reconstructed a natural landscape (mountains, rivers and sea inparticular) by artists such as Boshan lu (incense burner), Inkstone, Artificial Mountains,Mt. Sumeru stone, Penjing (tray landscape), Bankei, Bonseki (tray rocks), Bonzan (traylandscape), Suiseki, the Japanese rock garden, Shimadai (portable island), Senkeiban,Yu shan zi (jade mountain), Hakoniwa (miniature landscape garden) etc. When thedetail of the art form was confirmed, it has been found that the artists have used thenon processed materials to make the Miniature Landscapes. For example, some worksare made using stone not be carved, others are also chosen wood not be processed.Nondescript water is likened to lake or sea, incense smoke is likened to cloud. They areapplied to the Art of Miniature Landscape. It is considered that the material of its art isbased on aesthetics taken advantage of the innate nature, and the Art of MiniatureLandscape shows a clear difference with the context of Western sculpture that isexpressed in reliance on technique and own image of the artists.The first aim of this paper is to reveal the ideological background entailed in theview of nature and aesthetics that take advantage of the innate nature in the Art ofMiniature Landscape in China and Japan. Next is to reveal the differences of aestheticsthat take advantage of the innate nature between China and Japan and clarify thereasons that the aesthetics evolved greatly in the Art of Miniature Landscape. Inaddition, in order to increase the likelihood that can be applied to the sculpture in thefuture, the causes that the aesthetics have not developed in the West was investigatedand the status of application to modern sculpture was considered.In order to accomplish the purposes described above, the view of nature and theview of the materials that are based on the Chinese and Japanese idea were analyzedfrom the literature of China and Japan, and were considered by observing andcomparing the Art of Miniature Landscapes. Moreover, the literature on idea of thegarden that is an art form specialized to the place and is the common feature with theArt of Miniature Landscape was verified and discussed. As the results, the feature of the affinity with nature against the natural landscapethat is common idea between China and Japan was revealed. Furthermore, it was alsorevealed that the emphasis on the aesthetics is different between the idea of China thatfollows the natural and the idea of Japan that could feel spiritualness on materials inthe nature.As conclusion, it is considered that using intact and its attribute of the naturalmaterials to express the Miniature Landscape is more effective, because the Art ofMiniature Landscape have the attribute of the place, the landscape, the dominance ofthe space and the aging on the elements of the art form, and the aesthetics takingadvantage of the innate nature is greatly developed by the Art of Miniature Landscape,because the invention of “the method of likening" effectively act allowing to convert intothe landscape from natural material that is innate state.