Study On Ecological Compensation For Exploitation Of Strategic Mineral Resources In Western Minority Regions

Ecological compensation is an important institutional guarantee for the construction of ecological civilization in China.In the report of The 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China(CPC),General Secretary Xi Jinping explicitly proposed to“strengthen the protection of ecological system” and “establish a market-oriented and diversified ecological compensation mechanism”.The fourth Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee called for “implementing the system of ecological compensation and compensation for ecological environmental damage”.As one of the important institutional guarantees for the construction of ecological civilization in China,the research on ecological compensation of strategic mineral resources exploitation is an important institutional practice in the process of deep integration of ecological civilization concept and mineral resources development in the new era of China.To support the development needs of national strategic emerging industries and safeguard national economic and national defense security,strategic mineral resources development always adheres to the overall national security concept as the guiding principle,promotes the national mineral resources supply,and facilitates high-quality economic development in the new era,and deeply explores the institutional system of ecological compensation for mineral resources development to realize the adequate supply of national strategic mineral resources and the security of the whole industrial chain.The vast western minority areas of China are rich in strategic mineral resources,which are the important resource treasures and energy sources for national industrial development and scientific and technological progress.The study deeply comprehends the spiritual connotation of “high-quality development should be reflected in all fields such as economy,society,culture,and ecology” as pointed out by General Secretary Xi Jinping at the Fifth Plenary Session of the 19 th CPC Central Committee,aims to build a market-oriented and diversified ecological compensation mechanism for the new era,takes the construction of ecological compensation system as the criterion,comprehensively sorts out the current situation of ecological compensation research,analyzes the effectiveness of policy and system implementation,clarifies the crucial thematic factors of ecological compensation,and builds a comprehensive evaluation system of ecological compensation benefits and a standard system of ecological compensation.The research results carried out theoretical research and practical method exploration for the coordinated development of strategic mineral resources development,economic and social development,ecological environment protection,and cultural heritage protection in western minority areas of China.The main research contents and conclusions are as follows.The trend and features analysis of ecological compensation research based on the combination of “point + surface” was carried out.Based on a bibliometric analysis of the trends and features of domestic and foreign ecological compensation research,it found that the theoretical research and application practice are interwoven due to the insufficiency of the current research field of ecological compensation and the change in realistic demand.To solve the prominent contradiction between economic and social development and environmental protection,it is necessary to focus on institutional innovation,compensation standard formulation,and quantitative model design in the field of ecological compensation,which in turn provides a theoretical research basis and practical application basis for the policy,model,mechanism,and standard practice of ecological compensation for strategic mineral resources development in the minority areas in western China.The evaluation study on the effect of ecological compensation policy implementation was implemented.The research on the implementation effect of the national ecological compensation policy through the SCM synthetic control method shows that the policy has an important impact on the development of mineral resources in minority areas.It is mainly reflected in the positive impact on the crucial indicators of the economy,culture,and society.It also provides an important theoretical basis for the national formulation of supporting and guiding policies on ecological compensation of strategic mineral resources exploitation in western minority areas.At the same time,it found that the influence of the policies on environmental protection in western minority areas is insufficient,thus policymakers need to intensify the relevance and operability of policies on environmental protection in minority areas,enhance the effectiveness of policies,to realize the positive regulating effect of policies on social and economic development,cultural preservation and inheritance,and ecological environmental protection in minority areas.The crucial thematic factors of ecological compensation policy were excavated and evolved.Through the LDA thematic model,policy texts related to ecological compensation in western minority areas are selected as a corpus to deeply explore the crucial thematic factors of ecological compensation policies and construct a visualization map of the evolution of crucial thematic factors in different stages of policies,It provides an important theoretical basis for the improvement and optimization of ecological compensation policy system,enhances the relevance and effectiveness of the policy system,and better improves the macro-control ability of the policy.A comprehensive evaluation of ecological compensation benefits was implemented.The multi-attribute decision-making problem is solved by the VIKOR-AISM method,and the comprehensive evaluation of ecological compensation benefits of strategic mineral resources in western minority areas is in four dimensions: economic benefits,environmental benefits,social benefits,and cultural benefits.The research results provide an important method reference for objectively reflecting the effectiveness of regional ecological compensation and the value tendency of evaluation subjects,which contributes to the precision and relevance of the evaluation,and provide quantifiable means of a comprehensive evaluation for the state to formulate ecological compensation policies and systems,ecological compensation models,and ecological compensation standards in line with the features of minority areas.It helps realize an orderly competitive and synergistic development pattern of eco-environmental protection and resource development in minority areas.The construction of an ecological compensation standard system was explored.The study combines the ideas of macro policy guidance and micro-market regulation and absorbs factors including cost accounting,benefits evaluation,ecological environment carrying capacity,and vulnerability determination,finally constructing a fiscal and taxation regulation model of ecological compensation standard,which provides a new reference and practical application basis for the determination of compensation standard of mineral resources development in minority areas.The application of ecological compensation standards in fiscal and taxation systems is explored through the calculation example of Liangshan Prefecture.The innovations of this paper are as follows:(1)From a new perspective,in-depth research on the evaluation of the implementation effect of ecological compensation policy for strategic mineral resources development in minority regions and the mining of crucial thematic factors is conducted.Focusing on the current situation of ecological compensation for strategic mineral resources development in western minority areas of China,the evaluation of policy effects and crucial thematic factors mining is carried out,which provides a new perspective for ecological compensation research in minority areas from a combination of qualitative and quantitative perspectives,and enriches the theoretical connotation of ecological compensation research.The research results provide a new theoretical basis for establishing a diversified and market-oriented ecological compensation mechanism.(2)A comprehensive evaluation index system for ecological compensation benefits of strategic mineral resources development in minority areas was constructed.Various empirical analysis tools of quantitative research are adopted to quantitatively evaluate the ecological compensation policy implementation effect from the macro policy implementation level,comprehensively consider the relationship between ecological compensation benefits and social,economic,environmental,and cultural impacts,and construct a comprehensive evaluation index system of ecological compensation benefits.With the help of new methods,models,and ideas in the field of non-ecological compensation evaluation tried to apply to the research field of ecological compensation,which is an essential practical innovation.(3)The ecological compensation standard system for the development of strategic mineral resources in minority areas is constructed.Based on the method of ecological restoration and treatment cost accounting,comprehensive evaluation of compensation effect,and determination of regional ecological carrying capacity and vulnerability,the ecological compensation standard system is constructed from the idea of tax rate adjustment in fiscal policy,which provides a new idea for the further implementation of ecological compensation policy,the evaluation of ecological compensation for mineral resources development in minority areas,the improvement of policy system,and the collection of compensation loss costs.The research findings are also more scientific and operative.In summary,the research results of this paper vividly interpret Xi Jinping’s thought on ecological civilization and dialectically analyze the relationship between "strategic resource development,ecological environmental protection,economic and social development,and cultural heritage and innovation." The research combines the features of the minority regions in China and the endowment conditions and development features of strategic mineral resources,and discusses the ecological compensation mechanism for mineral resources development in the western minority regions of China from two dimensions:macro policy guidance and micro-market regulation,it shows an important theoretical value and practical significance for establishing an ecological compensation system for resource development,environmental protection,economic development,social harmony and cultural coordination in the minority regions.It provides theoretical support and application guidance to promote the sustainable social,economic,environmental,and cultural development of minority areas under the concept of ecological civilization.