Treatise on Febrile Diseases and synopsis of the golden chamber are clinical classics of traditional Chinese medicine.Although they are not Monographs on pulse diagnosis,the content of pulse diagnosis is very rich,and the original texts related to pulse diagnosis account for more than one third of the whole book.The pulse diagnosis knowledge contained in it is of great significance to the theoretical research and clinical practice of traditional Chinese medicine.However,due to the long history,ancient and abstruse words,the loss of the original book,the mistakes and omissions in the process of circulation,and the evolution of traditional Chinese medicine theory,scholars have encountered many obstacles in the research of Zhongjing’s pulse study.Therefore,this paper aims to comprehensively and deeply excavate and sort out Zhongjing’s pulse study from four aspects: the origin of Zhongjing’s pulse study,the theory of pulse,the method of pulse diagnosis,the diseases represented by pulse and its formation mechanism.In the part of tracing the origin of pulse diagnosis,the original texts of pulse diagnosis related to Neijing and Nanjing are summarized according to the research content of Zhongjing’s pulse diagnosis,so as to explore the source of Zhongjing’s pulse diagnosis.For the above classic original text and research content,we still need to refer to relevant ancient and modern literature to assist in understanding.This paper takes literature research as the main research method.Based on the original texts of treatise on Febrile Diseases and synopsis of the golden chamber,this paper collects the original texts related to pulse diagnosis,and classifies them according to different research purposes.The full text is divided into five parts:The first part is the origin of pulse theory,which explores the source of Zhongjing pulse theory from Neijing and Nan Jing.The Internal Classic mainly studies the principle of pulse diagnosis,analyzes the physiological mechanism of pulse formation and the pathological changes behind pulse changes,so as to fundamentally master the principle of pulse diagnosis,so as to flexibly analyze the complex and changeable disease represented by pulse in clinic and replace the mechanical dead memory;The part of Nan Jing mainly explores the principle of the pulse method of "taking Cunkou alone" and the changes of the connotation of "three parts and nine syndromes" after the transition from the method of repeated diagnosis to taking Cunkou alone.The second part is the theory of pulse,which summarizes the theory of Zhongjing pulse based on the method of distinguishing pulse and the method of flattening pulse,combined with other relevant contents in treatise on Febrile Diseases and synopsis of the golden chamberr.The third part is the study of pulse diagnosis methods,which divides the original pulse diagnosis methods into Cunkou pulse diagnosis method and non Cunkou pulse diagnosis method,and explores its application law.According to different ways of division,Cunkou pulse diagnosis method is divided into yin-yang two-part pulse diagnosis method and cun,guan and chi three-part pulse diagnosis method.In particular,the yin-yang two-part pulse diagnosis method of Cunkou pulse is discussed in detail,and all relevant original texts in treatise on Febrile Diseases and synopsis of the golden chamber are analyzed to reaffirm the clinical significance of Yin-Yang two-part pulse diagnosis method.The non Cunkou pulse diagnosis part expounds Fuyang pulse diagnosis method,Shaoyang pulse diagnosis method,Shaoyin pulse diagnosis method and Renying pulse diagnosis method,and discusses its pulse diagnosis position,application law and pulse diagnosis principle respectively.The fourth and fifth parts are the main diseases and formation mechanism of pulse.All pulse conditions in the original text are divided into single pulse and composite pulse,which are discussed respectively.Based on the original text,the diseases represented by pulse are classified and summarized,and their formation mechanism is explained.Among them,the single pulse is compared with Neijing and Nanjing,so as to clarify Zhongjing’s inheritance and development of pulse from the perspective of the main disease of pulse.In the part of the formation mechanism of composite pulse,the formation mechanism of each pulse has been explained in detail in the part of single pulse,so the discussion is simple and avoid repetition.In the discussion part,firstly,based on the previous discussion,the inheritance and development of Neijing and Nanjing in Treatise on Febrile Diseases and synopsis of the golden chamber from the three aspects of pulse diagnosis theory,pulse diagnosis method,pulse name and the diseases represented by pulse are studied,and the differences in the application of pulse diagnosis between Neijing,Nanjing and typhoid fever are compared,which are the first and second parts of the discussion.The third part of the discussion summarizes and analyzes the pulse change law in the syndrome differentiation of six meridians,in order to clarify the guiding significance of pulse diagnosis to the syndrome differentiation of six meridians.In addition,according to the non Cunkou pulse diagnosis method in the treatise on Febrile Diseases and the synopsis of the golden chamber and the "Twelve Meridians pulse diagnosis method" in the internal classic,the guiding significance of the non Cunkou pulse method in the syndrome differentiation of the six meridians is discussed,in order to enable the ancient universal diagnosis method including the non Cunkou pulse diagnosis method in the treatise on Febrile Diseases and the synopsis of the golden chamber to re understand its valuable significance today,Once again,scholars pay attention to and conduct in-depth research,so that the clinical value of traditional Chinese medicine pulse diagnosis can be further improved.In the fourth part of the discussion,the pulse rules of three groups of diseases in the synopsis of the golden chamber are summarized and analyzed in order to explore the application of Zhang Zhongjing’s pulse theory in miscellaneous diseases.The fifth part of the discussion is the application example of Zhang Zhongjing’s pulse theory,which selects one case of ancient medical case and one case of modern medical case,and makes a verbal analysis,so as to highlight the important guiding role of Zhang Zhongjing’s pulse theory in the clinical practice of traditional Chinese medicine and its practical value.Through the above research on the pulse of treatise on Febrile Diseases and synopsis of the golden chamber,the following conclusions are drawn:1.Based on the first and second chapters of treatise on febrile diseases: Explain the principle of pulse diagnosis from Ying and Wei,judge the state of Ying and Wei two Qi through pulse changes,and deduce the etiology step by step.And this part proposes to classify the pulse with "Yin and Yang" as the outline,describe the pulse with metaphor,expounds three division modes of Cunkou pulse,such as Yin and Yang and cun,guan and chi,discuss the pathogenesis with pulse,and pay attention to the combination of multiple pulse and pulse symptoms.2.The pulse diagnosis methods are mainly Cunkou pulse method,supplemented by non Cunkou pulse method.The Cunkou pulse diagnosis method is derived from Nanjing,which mainly includes cun,guan and chi three part pulse diagnosis method and yin-yang two part pulse diagnosis method;Non Cunkou pulse diagnosis method originates from Neijing,mainly including Fuyang pulse diagnosis method,Shaoyin pulse diagnosis method,Shaoyang pulse diagnosis method,etc.Cunkou pulse can examine the Qi of the whole body.Fuyang pulse mainly examines the spleen and stomach,Shaoyin pulse mainly examines the kidney qi,and Shaoyang pulse mainly examines the Qi of gallbladder and Sanjiao.3.A total of 40 kinds of single pulse,such as such as floating pulse,sinking pulse,slow pulse,fast pulse,smooth pulse,astringent pulse,stringed pulse,tight pulse,and 68 kinds of composite pulse,such as floating tight pulse,floating slow pulse and floating count pulse,are recorded.The disease represented by pulse should be inferred according to the changes of Ying and Wei Qi,so as to grasp the essence of the disease represented by pulse from the formation mechanism of pulse.4.Inheriting the pulse theory of Neijing and Nanjing: inheriting the pulse diagnosis principle of Neijing based on Ying Wei in pulse diagnosis theory;In terms of pulse diagnosis methods,Cunkou pulse diagnosis method comes from "taking Cunkou alone" in Nan Jing,while non Cunkou pulse method comes from the method of repeated diagnosis in Nei Jing;As for the main diseases of pulse,many kinds of pulse and the disease represented by pulse have been mentioned in Neijing and Nanjing.The innovation of this paper:1.This paper comprehensively and systematically combs and explains Zhang Zhongjing’s pulse theory from four aspects: pulse origin,pulse theory,pulse diagnosis methods and main pulse diseases.Among them,the part of single pulse focuses on the analogy with Neijing and Nanjing,and expounds the origin and development of Zhang Zhongjing’s pulse theory from the perspective of the disease represented by pulse.2.This paper probes into the formation mechanism of 40 kinds of single pulse and 68 kinds of composite pulse in Treatise on Febrile Diseases and synopsis of the golden chamber in detail,and advocates analyzing pulse from the perspective of pulse formation mechanism to replace mechanical memory of the disease represented by pulse.3.This paper reiterates the method of diagnosing pulse with two parts of yin and Yang,and expounds and analyzes the theoretical guiding role of non Cunkou pulse method in syndrome differentiation of six meridians. |