Lukacs’ Ideological Research From Materialization Criticism To Awakening Of Class Consciousness

George Lukacs(1885-1971)is one of the most famous,influential and controversial Marxist theorists in the 20 th century.In his theoretical exploration career of more than half a century,he has been committed to the research of philosophy,aesthetics and literary criticism,and has achieved remarkable research results,leaving precious ideological wealth for mankind.However,this paper does not comprehensively analyze Lukacs’ ideological system from various angles,but hopes to clarify the philosophical background and distinctive character of this theory on the basis of discussing his ideological theory,so as to provide a new scientific path for in-depth case exploration of Lukacs’ philosophy and objective understanding and cognition of Western Marxism.Ideology is a basic concept of Marx’s historical materialism.Lukacs,like the classical Marxist writers,also explores the ideological issues in the sense of historical materialism.The concept of ideology is a basic concept in Lukacs’ Book <History and class consciousness>.which constituted a relatively systematic ideological theory.Its main purpose is to enlighten the proletariat’s class consciousness and realize the proletariat’s historical responsibility;The core is Marxist revolutionary dialectics;In order to use revolutionary dialectics to promote the generation of class consciousness,we need to adhere to the general principle,on the other hand,we need to deeply criticize materialized phenomena and materialized consciousness.In<History and class consciousness>,Lukacs tries his best to use the ideological concept of historical materialism to analyze the conflicts between the ideological and political views of different classes in modern society,and uses it to clarify the correlation between some class interests and the political concepts serving these class interests.Lukacs took ideology as an effective conceptual tool to serve the proletarian revolutionary struggle.Lukacs unfolded the concept of ideology of historical materialism in many links,and also revealed many valuable problems that need to be explored.These will have certain theoretical and practical value for us to further explore Marxist ideology theory and objectively comment on bourgeois ideology theory.Based on the text of Lukacs’ <history and class consciousness>,the paper explains the theoretical achievements of his ideology.Among them,the four core concepts of materialization,totality,unity of subject and object,and class consciousness set up the main framework of Marxism that Lukacs understood.without violating its original intention,Starting from these four core concepts,the paper will try to philosophically interpret Lukacs’ Ideology Theory in terms of theoretical integrity,structural systematicness,logical rigor,knowledge depth,etc.and reconstruct its text on the basis of fully sorting out the logical relationship of his theory.Specifically,the paper mainly includes the following six parts: the first part is the introduction.The second part systematically combs the historical background and theoretical origin of Lukacs’ Materialization Theory.On this basis,from the perspective of criticism,this paper combs the logical clues of Lukacs’ Materialization Theory from the three dimensions of economy,philosophy and culture,carefully explores the ideological characteristics of his theory,and deeply understands his cultural criticism of modern people’s survival plight by Materialization Theory.Then it compares and analyzes the development and alienation of Lukacs’ Materialization Theory from Marx’s alienation theory.This part mainly provides a solid demonstration basis for the following discussion.The third part points out that totality is intrinsically related to human subjectivity by explaining the lack and reconstruction of the principle of totality.That is,to sublate the incomplete materialized state of social reality and process,we need to yearn for the generation of the totality of the social historical process;However,the most important condition for the generation of totality is to restore philosophy’s understanding of totality,establish the principle of totality,so as to reshape human subjectivity.Then it summarizes and analyzes the recovery and deviation of Lukacs’ principle of totality from Marx’s thought of totality.This part clarifies Lukacs’ basic thinking from Materialization Theory to totality dialectics.In the fourth part,on the basis of combing and summarizing the ideological origin of the dialectics of the unity of subject and object,the author discusses in detail the dynamic mechanism of sublating materialization and reconstructing human’s concrete totality existence.First of all,the formation of the dialectical thought of the unity of subject and object mainly comes from two aspects: one is the criticism and Transcendence of Hegel’s dialectical thought;The second is the recognition and innovation of Marxist practical dialectics.Secondly,it explains the dialectics of the unity of subject and object theoretically from the three perspectives of core vision,practical value and reform path.Thirdly,it shows that people-oriented and subject object unity are the spiritual essence of Dialectics of subject object unity.Then,it demonstrates that the dialectics of the unity of subject and object reveals the establishment of totality,the connotation of principles and the realization path.Finally,it explains the approach and deviation of Lukacs’ Dialectics of unity of subject and object to the practical basis of Marx’s dialectics.The fifth part clarifies the connotation of "class consciousness",clarifies the general law of its generation,and takes it as a logical starting point to systematically explain the basic connotation,generation conditions and value pursuit of proletarian class consciousness.Then it discusses the consensus and difference between Lukacs’ theory of class consciousness and Marx’s theory of class consciousness.The sixth part mainly explains the significance,contemporary value and limitations of Lukacs’ ideology theory.Secondly,it discusses the contemporary value of Lukacs’ Ideology Theory from four aspects: the pursuit of human nature,the return of the principle of totality,the dialectical thinking of the unity of subject and object,and the manifestation of consciousness revolution.Thirdly,it analyzes the limitations of Lukacs’ ideology theory,which are as follows: ignoring the practical mechanism of the interaction between subject and object;Hegelian distortion to totality;Opposing the extension and application of dialectics in the field of nature;thinking that the theory of reflection does not accord with the dialectics of cognition.Finally,it explains Lukacs’ contribution to Marx’s ideology theory and his lack of research.