Study On The Highway Traffic Network And Regional Economic Development Of Henan Province

Transportation is the ligament that contacts social economic activities of the geographical space, and it is the fundamental guarantee that realizes the social division. Transportation technology and conditions mean the breadth and depth of space interaction, and traffic conditions often become the important symbol of a region's economic development degree. From the ancient time till now, traffic has played a very important role in economic development. However, most former studies focused on qualitative research and static study, and few study the development and changes of the transportation network to the influence of the economic development on the dynamic. So, in this paper, using GIS techology, we discuss the connection between the development and changes of the highway accessibility and economic development of Henan, which has important theoretical value and practical significance to the policy formulation of the regional economic development and the optimization of highway transport network of Henan Province.In this paper, based on tracking, analyzing, summarizing the research in the same field both at home and abroad, it focuses on the 108 counties of Henan Province for the study, using principal components and the statistical analysis method of ArcGIS, and combining network analysis principle, in the platform of further development in ArcGIS, discusses the relationship between highway network accessibility and economy development of Henan province.The main contents of the paper are as follows:(1) According to the concept and the influencing factors of accessibility, summarizes the transportation network accessibility measures. It mainly includes: Distance method, Network connectivity measure, Isochronic measure, Potential model measure, Utility measure, Time measure. And we compare them.(2) In the study of transportation network, it makes a series of connectivity and accessibility calculation, including the shortest path, connectivity matrix and accessibility in the VBA environment of ArcGIS. On this basis, we analyze the spatial structure and evolution of highway accessibility in Henan respectively using distance and network connectivity.(3) Combining the basic theory of regional economic development, put forward an assessment method of county economic development, and analyze the county economic development level of Henan province, and its spatial autocorrelation relations.(4) Through analyzing the relationship between accessibility and regional economy we obtained that accessibility is the internal driving force of regional economic development, so with the regional accessibility analyzing, the regional economic investment optimization problem of Henan Province is studied.The major research conclusions of this paper are:(1) The highway network accessibility of the regions which locate in the center, north-center and the part of western of Henan province are better. And the improvement of highway system upgrades the accessibility of cities in the whole region. But the construction of highway network in different district still exist relatively remarkable difference, so, in the future we should increase the investment of neighboring cities in highway construction of Henan province, and make the highway traffic network more equilibrium and stabilization. In the course of analysis of the connectivity of network traffic, correlation between connectivity and economic development varies with connectivity order. Using the same methods and targets, analyzes highway network accessibility and county economic development in Henan Province, 1996, and makes dynamic analysis on the relationship of them. The results show that communication has higher influence on regional economic development. Accessibility undoubtedly is of great significance to the evaluation of the transport network, and the influence of the traffic to the economy.(2) Spatial distribution of economy based on GIS breaks through the traditional clustering method, it not only considers the attributes of the samples, but, even more important is to consider the spatial location and topological relations of the samples, On the basis of this analysis, the conclusions are tally with the actual situation.(3) The development of county economy in Henan on a great degree depends on regional elementary product factor, and it is in a low stage of development. Based on the evaluation index system, the county economic development level of Henan Province is divided into five different types: developed counties, the more developed counties, the middle counties, developing counties and underdeveloped counties. In the spatial distribution, there is a tendency of weakening of the county economy from northwest to southeast, and it shows aggregation phenomenon, and the region that with Zhengzhou as the center becomes the developed areas, it has obvious spatial clustering phenomenon, while in the east, southeast and southwest of Henan province, it appears the spatial clustering phenomena of backward region.(4) Accessibility is the internal driving force of regional economic development, therefore, with the regional accessibility analyzing, we could study the regional economic investment optimization problem of Henan Province. Through analyzing, we should increase the intensity of investment to Zhengzhou and Xinxiang of Henan Province in the latest stage.