Study On Huai River Floods And The Ecosystem During Ming And Qing Dynasties

Huai River is China's seventh largest river, which originates Tongbai mountains, flows through Henan, Anhui, Jiangsu, and finally into the sea.Ming and Qing Huai River floods frequently, and, to the huge losses of life and property, both severely affected the socio-economic development of the Huai River Basin, but also seriously damaged the ecological balance.This article from the Huaihe River floods and ecological perspective to study the relationship between the flood on the ecological environment of the Huaihe River Basin, which reveals the long-term continuation of the Ming and Qing Huai River flood and the continued deterioration of the ecological truth, the Huaihe River flood control for the present to provide comprehensive and objective history Reference.The article first discusses the natural situation of Huaihe River and Yellow River won the Huai River previous overview of the Ming and Qing Dynasties,and then won the Yellow Huai Huai River after the changes.Secondly, the paper discusses the time-series status of the Ming and Qing Huai River floods. In the early Ming Dynasty, Yellow River's water won the Huai made everywhere in the Huaihe River flood, the Yellow River silted up and the many tributaries of the Huaihe River, the Huaihe River water system has been disrupted, the lower reaches of the Huaihe river the higher the more silt, forming a"ground River"; in late Ming Dynasty, the Huaihe River floods more serious, only the Ming Dynasty made the Huaihe River floods every year. The Qing Huai River floods, mainly from the type of flooding, such as waterlogging type, type and dam overflowed, water-based point of view the situation described in the Huaihe River flood. And discusses the main features of the Ming and Qing period flood as follows: the disaster a long time, severe damage, and more complicated disaster.Chapter four focuses on the Huaihe River Basin environment changes, analysis of floods on the valley soil, vegetation. Huaihe River had fertile land, and because of the Yellow River basin causing the flooding and salinization of soil desertification is very serious. Desertification which mainly located in Kaifeng, Lankao and Zhongmou area, but concentrated in the northern Jiangsu area salinization. At the same time as the victims of flood caused by a large number of them continue to deforestation in order to survive, making the Huaihe River Basin serious damage to vegetation, in just two years has doubled during the vegetation area decreased even more, so are more likely to flood.Chapter five on the evolution of Sheyang Lake and Luoma analysis, analyzed the impact of the floods on the territory of lakes. Sheyang Lake due to receive a lot of sediment, resulting in lake increased, the lake is shrinking, and finally into several small lakes connected to each other, and now has turned into a swamp Sheyang Lake Plain. The late Ming Dynasty, with continuous deposition of high Huaihe river, Huaishui into the sea much more difficult, the lake continued to increase storage capacity, while four executions Huanghuai overflow, and Pan Ji and training others in order to "build clean brush yellow" and "suppression Huai Bao cao "Hongze Lake water level resulting overall elevation, drainage, final form. Luoma into a lake in the Ming Dynasty, the Yellow River after the flood because of flooding in the savings, resulting in the lake expanded and eventually formed the Great Lakes.Chapter six of the Huaihe River flood coastal beach of North Jiangsu. Northern coast of the Yellow River 3,000 years ago won the Huai River has been relatively stable, but from the history of the Yellow River diversion in 1128, the Yellow River Entering Huai to keep out the new extension of the Yellow River mouth. The massive amount of mud relying on the Huai Sha Ruhai also caused dramatic changes in North Coast, the coastline rapidly over the sea. River extends further elongated in disguise Huaihe river downstream, resulting in flood season discharged slowly, increasing the middle and lower reaches of the flooding occurred, but also caused a lot of land.Studies suggest that the Ming and Qing dynasties of the Huaihe River Basin environment has been a great misfortune, this change is accompanied by Huang Huai River Henan resettlement won the role of natural factors, too much pressure in the population is under the arbitrary field dry lake, mountains reclamation, etc., and then pay a variety of political and economic factors combined result of each organization. The consequences of environmental changes during the severe, it not only led to the lake or blocked or expanded river frequently unbearable disturbance of surface runoff, forest damage, vegetation damage, soil erosion, but also to the people on both sides bring the Huaihe River to the natural disasters . Therefore, the current development of the Huai River Basin and development when the mirror, pay close attention to ecological problems and establish a scientific concept of development, the path of sustainable development.