Study On Ecological Compensation For The Hanjiang River Basin In Southern Of Shanxi

With the rapid development of social economy, the problems of water shortage and water pollution are increasingly serious. As a result, people gradually realize their responsibility to the environment, their obligation to future generations and the need for effective system and pattern to compensate and restore the ecological environment. Usually, water exists in particular river basin and the river basins often across different administrative regions, which lead to the contradictions and conflicts between different administrative regions upstream and downstream in the process of water resources development, utilization and protection. To solve this problem, establishing watershed ecological compensation mechanism is an effective way to coordinate various interests, achieve a win-win situation, and solve contradictions and conflicts between the upstream and downstream regions.Such difficult and important problems have been well solved in this paper by establishing watershed ecological compensation model and calculating the total costs and compensation amount of ecological construction and protection in the upstream regions. Taking Hanjiang river basin in southern Shaanxi for an example, I have discussed in detail the theoretical basis of watershed ecological compensation from the perspectives of ecology, economics and law, defined the connotation of watershed ecological compensation, and summarized the theories, policies and practical experience about watershed ecological compensation both at home and abroad, besides, from the engineering economy point of view, I consider Hanjiang watershed ecological compensation as a project, evaluate its national economy, analysis the economic rationality and feasibility in macroscopic by calculating the indicators. On such basis, I have drawn some conclusions, and discussed several current problems existed in watershed ecological compensation. The main contents and conclusions of this paper are as follows:Firstly, establish watershed ecological compensation model and calculate compensation standards. It turns out that the average annual total cost for ecological construction and the average annual compensation amount reaches 8.585 billion Yuan. Secondly, predict watershed ecological compensation standards. Take per capita GDP growth rates and population growth rates from 1996 to 2006 of this study area as parameters to predict the average annual compensation amount, and it shows that the future average annual growth rate of compensation has close relationship with the study area's population fluctuation and per capita GDP growth rate. Thirdly, evaluate the economical efficiency of watershed ecological compensation. With the knowledge of engineering economics, evaluate this project's national economy, the calculation results show that from the perspective of national economy, the establishment of watershed ecological compensation mechanism is economically rational and technologically feasible.