Studies On Germplasm Resources And Conservation Strategy Of Wild Orchids In Fujian Province

The orchid flora is a precious traditional flower in china, as a result of its extremely high ornamental value and medicinal purposes value, its wild resources was received the enormous destruction. The amount of resources reduces suddenly, the excessively artificial collection, the excessive destruction and loss of habitat cause the germplasm resources of the orchidaceous plants to dry up day by day, even some species verge on extinction. To find out the present situation of the germplasm resources of the orchidaceous plants comprehensively, to further exhume the new wild species and relative Species, To reveal its endangerment mechanism of the populations, to explore the conservation strategy of the resources, have important significance on protecting the genetic resources of the wild orchidaceous plants in Fujian Province as well as its reasonable development and utilization.By referring to the massive specimens and the literature, and combined with the recent two year of field survey in field, This article carried on a more exhaustive analysis to the kinds of the germplasm resources of the wild orchidaceous plants in Fujian Province, and the resources reserves, the geographic distribution pattern, the types of flora. And take the Huboliao nature reserve of in Nanjing as the example, discussed the endangerment mechanism and the conservation strategy of the wild orchidaceous plants, proposed some protective measures and the constructive opinion in view of the protectorate present situation. The main results are as follows:1. The wild orchidaceous plants in Fujian Province comprise 151 species in 65 genera, the peculiar specie is Gastrodia.wuyishanensis, the new distribution species is Paphipedilum purpuratum (Pinghe) in this investigation. The wild orchidaceous plants have three kinds of life types: tenestrial orchid, epiphytic orchid, saprophytic orchid. Tenestrial orchid is dominative among them, which comprises 89 species in 38 generas , accounting for 58.5 and 58.9 percent to the overall genera and species, secondly, epiphytic orchid comprise 52 species in 21 generas, accounting for 32.3 and 34.4 percent; The distribution of saprophytic orchid are few, which only comprise 10 species in 2 genera, accounting for 9.2 and 6.7 percent. The orchidaceous plants distributes widely in Fujian province, which mostly distributes in Zhangzhou area, Longyan area and the northwest slope of Daiyunshan to southeast slope of Wuyishan. On the level distribution, the distribution regularity of the wild orchidaceous plants is basically consistent with vegetation belt in Fujian; On the vertical distribution, it mainly distributes the elevation 500~1000m land lot. The different life types of it have the difference slightly in concentrated sections.2.The component of the orchid flora in Fujian is complex, altogether has 11 distribution patterns. The genera and species belonging to tropics component serperately occupy 71.6 and 67.1 percent to the overall genera and species, which illuminate that the orchid flora in Fujian belong to tropics nature. Analyzing the relation between the orchid flora in Fujian and the vicinities by appling to cluster analysis, the orchid flora in Fujian is the most closely related with Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan, Taiwan,but has the short relation with Zhejiang, Hunan, Jiangxi.3.Take the Huboliao nature reserve of in Nanjing as the example, the results show that: the nature reserve adopts the original habitat of the protection, artificial restoration and carving up plot play the psitive effect on the restoration of the wild orchidaceous plants, according to the present situation of the restoration on orchidaceous plants of the nature reserve, We put forward some constructive suggestions.