| Recently, many clinical studies have shown that cluster of risk factors, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, impaired glucose tolerance, hypertension, disorder of lipid and central obesity often synchronously occurred in the same patient,which was named as metabolic syndrome (MS) by WHO in 1999. The another diagnostic criteria of MS were suggested by NCEP-ATPIII in 2001. Epidemiological studies have shown that the prevalence of MS and its cardiovascular complications were incredibly increasing in the past decades. Many studies have shown that the relationship among MS, environmental factors and genetic factors were closely same. Epidemiological studies of MS using different criterias have been studied in the World. However, these studies have shown that there were many differences among different regions, races, social economic status and environmental factors in the onset of MS. To provide scientific basis of prevention and cure of MS for Chongqing area, it is necessary to elucidate which factors play pivotal roles in MS in this area and to definitude the effects of different diagnostic criteria on the incidence of target organ damage (TOD) for the metabolic syndrome.Subjects and Methods1. Subjects One thousand and thirty two objects were enrolled in this study.,which include 815 patients and 217 control. Six hundred and forty subjects were divided into four groups: essential hypertension group (EH, 117), diabetes mellitus group (DM, 118), metabolic syndrome group (MS, 188) and control group (217). All of subjects finished the questionnaire of risk factors. The MS definition was suggested by a working group consulted by the WHO in 1999 (glucose intolerance or insulin resistance or diabetes together with 2 or more the following risk factors: BP≥140/90 mmHg; TG>1.7, and/or HDL-C < 0.9 mmol/L; central body obesity and/or BMI ≥25; microalbuminuria). Total 815 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, essential hypertension, and hypertensive diabetes were evaluated using MS criteria in this study. WHO, mimic WHO, ATPIII and mimic ATPIII criteria for MS were used in present study. 2. MethodsAll patients were collected venous blood to assay fasting glucose ,fasting insulin, fasting triglyceride(TG),high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C),creatinine(Cr),uric acid(UA) and free fatty acid(FFA).Urinary albumin excretion(UAE) were detected. Part patients were observed by Color Doppler echocardiography. At left ventricular diastole period end point, left ventricle inner diameter (LV), left ventricular posterior wall thickness (LVPW) and interventricular septum thickness (IVS) were measured, then calculated left ventricular mass (LVM) according to Dereveux formula. At left ventricular systole period end point, left atrium inner diameter (LA) and aortic inner diameter (AO) were measured. Part patients were required to measure E and A flow of mitral valve during left ventricular diastole period, then calculated the ratio of E/A. Part patients were observed intima-media thickness and bore of common carotid artery. They were observed resistant index of common carotid artery, internal carotid artery and external carotid artery. ResultsCharacteristic of risk factor in patients with metabolic syndrome1. There are discrepancies in passively smoking, gain weight, family history of hypertension and family history of diabetes between MS and EH group. When comparing with EH group, vegetables and milk intake were significantly decreased and nut intake was significantly increased in MS group.2. There are discrepancies in smoking; dietary taste and gain weigh between MS and DM group. When comparing with DM group, vegetables intake were significantly decreased in MS group. 3. When comparing with control group, exercise capacities were markedly reduced, but household incomes are higher in EH group, DM group and MS group, however, there are no significantly difference among three groups.Evaluation on the different diagnostic criteria for the metabolic syndrome1. The dia...
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