Study Of The Relationship Between Cardiovascular Risk Factors And Severity In Young Patients With Coronary Artery Disease

Objective To evaluate the correlation between multiple cardiovascular risk factors and the severity of angiographic coronary artery disease(CAD) in young patients underwent coronary angiography, through the study of the relationship between the severity and cardiovascular risk factors in young patients with coronary artery disease. And find the prominent predictor of the extent and severity of angiographic CAD.Methods One hundred and thirty four patients underwent coronary angiography were selected according to inclusion criteria. The extent and severity of angiographic CAD was diagnosed by.(l) whether or not CAD was diagnosed by angiography;(2) the number of diseased vessels;(3) The CAD Gensini cumulative index. Cardiovascular risk factors included were gender, hypertension, smoking status, type 2 diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, adipositas and drinking status. Analyses were achieved by univariate and multivariate analysis.Results (1) Logistic regression analysis showed that high low-density lipoprotein was a prominent predictor of the extent and severity of angiographic CAD(OK=2.797, 95% CI 1.896, 4.112, P=0.001).The most frequent risk factors documented in this study in descending order were Gender(OR=2.155,95% CI 1.326, 3.230, P=0.003), smoking(OR=2.056, 95% CI 1.296, 3.249, P=0.004), type 2 diabetes mellitus(OR=2.026, 95% CI 1.510 , 2.700 , P=0.009), excessive drinking(OR=1.821,95% CI 1.159,2.316, P=0.023),hypertension(OR= 1.629,95% CI 1.293, 2.335, P=0.007),lower high density lipoprotein(OR= 1.689,95% CI 1.386, 2.233, P=0.010) as well as adipositas(OR=1.503,95% CI 1.101, 2.198, P=0.017). (2) High low- density lipoprotein was the most important risk factor in men,whereas type 2 diabetes mellitus were the most important risk factors in women.Conclusion (1) It is very important to control risk factors in the intervention and prevention of CAD.(2) Distribution of risk factors and their severities vary in different genders,therefore the treatment of risk factors should be done differently. Gender, hypertension,smoking status,type 2 diabetes mellitus,dyslipidemia, adipositas and drinking status are important risk factors for young CHD cases compared with elderly cases. High low-density lipoprotein was the most important risk factor in men .Both bad life style and genetic predisposition can help the development of CHD in youth. It is benefit for the prevention of CHD to explore new non-invasive methods to screen the young with higher risk.