| Based on historical documents and literature, the paper discussed some historical geographical aspects on Xi'an city during the Republic of China (1912-1949), including the programming and construction of the city, transportation, industry, commerce, finance and population, etc. The conclusion is drawn that the construction of Xi'an city had been established in the period of the Resistant-War.The first part deals with the changes of Xi'an administrative districts from 1912 to 1949 and the influences of relevant city programming on the development of Xi'an city, with focus on the work done by Xijing Preparatory Committee and that achieved at the late period of the Republic of China. The Committee, though in existence for only 13 years in the Resistant-War time, has planned for the city scientifically and prudently; with its series of effective work, the six functional sections of the city was settled, namely, sites of historical interest, administration section, commerce section, industry section, agriculture section and scenery section. The word done at this time proved to be very constructive and of great value of reference. At the late period of the Republic of China, the Construction Department of Shaanxi province then has planned, more operatively, for the development of the city, mainly covering the system of road system, section-distributed planning, forestation and beautification, and antique protection, etc.The second part demonstrates the changes in inner structure and functions of the city from 1912 to 1949, by studying the location of the provincial government, one of the important commercial centers Xincheng District, from its birth in the period of the Republic of China to its prosperity. Before 1911 Revolution, the population in the city centered on some major commercial centers, such as Nanyuan Men street, Xida Jie Street, and eastern suburb. When the Mandarin palace in northeast of the city was removed, the Longhai railway( from Jiangsu Province to Gansu Province) put into use, and the Resistant-Was broke out, the new city section adjacent to the railway station finally replaced the eastern and western part of Xi'an city built in Qing dynasty, growing into a newly-rising industrial and commercial center.The third part is on the development of industry in the Republic of China,-3-especially during the Resistant-War time, its types and distributions. From 1935 to 1945, the very first development of Xi'an modern industry (with textile, machine manufacture and chemistry in particular) arose, when coastal factories began to moved to inter land, transportations were improved and the government then expanded its efforts to exploit the western China. Some new industries were settled on the east and the north of railway station, turning these areas into industry sections.The forth part covers the number, the capital and the distribution of sorts of businesses, banks and other financial centers in Xi'an in the time of the Republic of China, revealing the financial key role Xi'an has played in the northwest and the whole country. After the Longhai railway was put in use, the commerce and the finance organizations in Xi'an developed rapidly, supported by the great increase in number, capital and types.The fifth part deals with the work done by the government of the Republic of China on the road, railway and airplane systems in Xi'an at the late of that period. From ancient times, Xi'an served as the important transportation center, connecting the east and the west as well as the southwest of China. The transportation conditions of the city are not only associated with the relationships of the neighboring areas and the economic growth, but also relevant to the economic development of the whole west of the country.The sixth part approaches to the population, its composition and the social life of the local residents during the Republic of China, including the social backgrounds of the population variation. The conclusion is reached that: before the Resistant-War period (from 1911 to 193...
|
PDF Full Text Request