Call And Choice

Mr. Chen Sihe of Fudan university advocated "the theory of folk " in 1994,and thought that academic culture is divided into three parts by the political ideology form supported by the state authority, foreign cultural form which be ruled by the intellectual and the folk cultural form. The folk are the cultural space, which is at the edge of state authority by the latent way. So during some time the folk theory was widely used to explain the phenomenon of literary history by many scholars. But According to the real creation of seventeen years' literature, the folk is not at the edge of state authority during the seventeen years'literature, on the contrary, it is transforming the main steam ideology, the folk mix with the mainstream ideology and even they belong to the same body; also, the folk exist not as latent but as obvious way, the literature, which contains the element of folk, is the mainstream one in the seventeen years'literature; in addition to, the folk, which Mr. Chen use to explain the literature phenomenon, is the objective and realistic world in the seventeen years'literature, however, it is the intellectual's subjective and spiritual world in the 90'literature. It may make the contemporary literature contrary, seeing it with the two different folk. The seventeen years'literature appears obvious folk tendency, which is the description of the subjective folk world. From resisting the Japan, the strength of the masses appear gradually, they convert from the passive object which is enlightened to the alliance of the modern political party, thus, the folk tendency which is advocated by the intellectual consciously is taken over by the mainstream and is fixed by the theory even the law. We can see the folk tendency not only from the creative subject but also from the creative object. As the creative object, the intellectual are required to go deep into the folk, create popularly, obtain the popular consciousness, mix with the masses from emotion, give up the criticalrealism tradition and employ the chanting socialism. They convert from the high instructor to the pupil, who must learn from the masses and are reformed, so they lost the main part and individuality; become the masses and the recorder of the objective folk world. They are in the suffering condition, in which they are peeled off from the main body, but cannot enter the other's world completely. The process of literature's folk tendency is the difficult reformed process during which the intellectuals have to abandon the enlightenment and comply with the current trend, lost the main part and enter the folk. The folk play an intermediary part during the intellectual's reformed process, the losing of the intellectual's main part not because of going deep into the folk, but because of yielding to the mainstream ideology. Seeing the folk tendency of creative object, the life changed greatly, which is the source of the creation, so the theme and subject matter changed accordingly. The theme of the seventeen years'literature is mainly about the revolution and construction, show the people's pride and joyous, which come from managing affairs. The masses no longer are ignored; they become the manager and become the hero and heroine of the literature accordingly, converting from the apathetic, pessimistic and passive enlightened object to the optimistic and positive chanted object.The seventeen years' literature's folk tendency accumulates valuable experience and lesson. Because of the losing of the intellectual's main part and stressing of the folk tendency, the literature lost the diversity and independence and lead to the unity, formulism and conceptualization finally. Seeing the literary history isolated may make people feel absurd, however, seeing it from the whole in the long history, it will be necessary and reasonable. The seventeen years' literature's folk tendency is necessary toward the literature transforming, because it is a process from monopolizing of literature by the intellectual to more groups of people, is the developin...