| With the awakening of green consciousness, human s awareness of environmentalprotection is continuously strengthened. Liquefied natural gas has been utilized more andmore widely as a clean energy. However, in the development of LNG industry, it s alsoaccompanied by a lot of accidents which caused large economic losses and environmentalpollution. Especially blasting accident, the event will also cause immeasurable casualties andproperty losses. In the LNG tank farm, an explosion accident of one storage tank can mostlikely trigger a chain reaction of the entire LNG tank farm. In order to provide support andprotection for the smooth development of the LNG industry, it is necessary to adopt statisticalmethod to investigate LNG tank farm explosion accidents happened at home and abroad.Then analyze the mechanism and cause of the accident, explore the consequences of LNGtank farm explosion accidents, and put forward targeted prevention and control measures. Thepaper chooses LNG tank farm as study target, studies its blasting risk, depending on theNational Science and Technology Pillar Program, Chemical Industrial Park fire preventionand control technology (2011BAK03B08) and the project of Natural Science Foundation ofShandong province, Fire and Explosion Risk Evaluation and Coping Strategies of LNG tankfarm (ZR2011EL048).1Study on mechanism of explosion accidents of LNG tank farmAccidents happened at home and abroad since1944of LNG tank farm were investigated.The cause of the accident was gotten that reasons for the matter accounted for53%, reasonsfor human accounted for33%and environmental reasons accounted for14%. Thecorresponding types of accidents are summarized which include flash, jet fire, pool fire, vaporcloud explosion and boiling liquid expanding vapor explosion. Chemical explosion accidentof LNG tank farm was more likely to happen than the overpressure physical explosionaccident according to the qualitative analysis of FTA. The main reasons of explosionaccidents of LNG tank farm were gained, they were improper pressure test, tank heated, walldamage, connector corrosion, aging of the tank bottom, corrosion of the wall, junctionleakage, personnel misuse and so on.2Feasibility-study on FDS software on heavy gas simulationMake use of small laboratory heavy gas dispersion experiments and set carbon dioxideinstead of LNG, whose diffusion mechanism is similar with LNG. Wind speed and amount ofleakage were set as variable for the heavy gas dispersion experiments. Scale model ofexperimental system was developed by FDS software and wind entrance, leak source ofCarbon dioxide and measurement points of concentration were added to the modle. Comparedsimulation values with experimental values, FDS software was feasible for heavy gassimulation.3Analysis of fire consequence on different scenes of LNG tank farmSet one domestic LNG tank farm as research object, fire dynamics model of LNG tank farm was developed by FDS software. Select accident scene which was susceptible toaccidents or more difficult to control in the event, such as top platform inlet tube leak,catastrophic rupture of tank wall, safety valve leak and so on. Summarize the consequences ofthe fire from the fire, temperature, radiation, wind speed, wind direction and other, in order todetermine safe distance of fire, and provide basis for rescue work.4Security barrier technology measures and optimization analysisProposed accident prevention and control strategies from the security control barriersystem, craft barrier system, personnel organization barrier system, based on the securitybarrier technology concept. Set BOG compressor room as study object and add watersprinklers on the modle by FDS software. The control effect of sprinkler system to LNG tankfarm fire could be verified. It is shown that water sprinklers can observably reduce the heightof the flame, reduce the radiation intensity and the range of the radiation, and played asignificant role in fire rescue and the protection of equipment and personnel. |
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