The Deterioration Analysis And Study Of Beam Pumping Unit Under Extreme Conditions

Beam pumping unit is the most common equipment in the production of oil field in China, which is widely used because of its simple structure, convenient operation, easy manufacturing, long service life, adapting to different working conditions. In order to reduce energy consumption, improve balance and stability, etc., the manufacturers transform the beam pumping unit and develop new models. However, in the application, these new models has exposed various problems such as the poor reliability, high failure rate, components easy to damage, etc., seriously affect the normal production of oil field.Combining with destruction issues of the beam pumping unit in the production of oil field, this paper analyzes the mechanisms of the deterioration and fault from its type, structure, principle and working environment, and establishes the fault tree of the equipment. The common faults are ranked according to the severity, the paper focuses on the research deterioration under two extreme conditions of horse head and adjustable heavy body drop in fatal faults. Using HyperMesh software, meshing the three-dimensional model of beam pumping unit built in UG environment, and establishing reasonable finite element model. Achieving a multi-body dynamics system of beam pumping unit in the ADAMS software, the result of dynamics analysis is consistent with the actual problems such as the deterioration and faults of pumping unit. With nonlinear finite element theory and ANSYS/LS-DYNA software simulating the dropping processes of the horse head, establishing simulation systems of the beam pumping unit deterioration under the two extreme conditions of horse head and adjustable heavy body drop. Solving K files of the systems and using LS-PREPOST to reprocess the results of the simulation. The results are consistent with the law of conservation of energy, the simulation is correct. Achieving the contact collision of pumping unit’s own components, and determining its dangerous areas, intuitive showing its destructive and consequences which the deterioration of fault types brings under the two extreme conditions. Through comparing the analysis and research on the deterioration of fault types to the damage of beam pumping unit under the two extreme conditions, it is concluded that the horse head drop brings more destructive to the pumping unit itself.For the issue of the beam pumping unit deterioration, proposing effective prevention measures, reducing the failure rate, avoiding the occurrence of the deterioration of sudden fault types, improving social and economic benefits. At the same time, structural improvement and optimization design of the key components are carried on. Providing a certain basis and important reference value for the full-scale detection, structural improvement, and optimization design of the beam pumping unit in future.