| Peer relationships are relations that are built in interactions among peers or individuals who equally developed in psychology. These relationships are marked by reciprocity and egalitarian expectations. With the increasing interest in the study of peer relationships, they become the focus of researches. The peer relationships play unique role in children's and adolescence's development. They have many significant functions: CD Peers can satisfy the children's needs of belongingness, love and respect.甈eers interactions can offer the children an opportunity to learn from others' reaction.?Peers can be a of special information channels and reference frame. Bad early peer relationships can not only influence the children's psychological development at that time, but also have close relationship with their behavior problems, society problems (such as juvenile delinquency, school detesting, playing truant, aggressive behavior), and mental illness.Social skills are manners learned by individuals, which can be used to interact with others efficiently and properly in given situations. Some of these social skills come out as social behavior. On the one hand, social skills can, to a great extent, determine the individual's social relationships with others, his success in his career, and the satisfaction of his social life. On the other hand, different social relationships can support the coming into being and development of social skills. Social behavior influences the peer relationships and different peer relationships can accelerate or restrain some social behavior.With the realization of the influence of peer relationships onchildren's early social interactions, their subsequent adaptation of the society and their development of good personalities, anew field......the study of social skills training梚s coming intobeing. Social skills training aims to help the children with bad peer relationships grasp the knowledge and skills to interact with their peers and then form good peer relationships. The present research on social skills training has the following characters:(1)A great number of experimental studies show that the social skills training can improve the children's peer relationships efficiently;(2)The trainers adopt many training ways. Generally speaking, there are mainly two kinds of training ways: (a) with a view to the build-up the object behavior, we can train directly all kinds of concrete interacting skills; (b) and with a view to the generalization and transfer of social skills, we can try to improve social skills on the cognition level through the training of interpersonal cognitive problem-solving skills (ICPS); (3) The training objects are usually the rejected and neglected children. The present studies have the following deficiencies:(l)The training contents are not comprehensive.(2)The training objects are usually the rejected and neglected children, no controversial children whose educational value has not realized by the educators.(3)The efficiency of the training methods is not fully proved.(4)The criteria of evaluation of effectiveness are ex parte.So we develop the experimental studies of the social skills training of the neglected and controversial children. We expectively give them empathy training and observing study of some elected, more comprehensive social skills, and test theresults from three dimensions, that is, social skills, social behavior and peer nomination.In my experiment, I first test the social status of a lot of 4-6 year old children through the field nomination measure and divide them according to CDC. Then I chose out 30 neglected children and 30 controversial children as the training objects to start the 3 x 2 bi-factor random experiment. The first factor is the training methods including the empathy training, observing study and controlling groups. The second factor is the type of peer relationships including two levels; that is the neglected children and the controversial children. So we get the following results:(1) Empathy tr... |
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