| As the foundation of the overwhelming majority project in athletics, the track and field sports'strength is an important symbol of the national athletics sports level. The Olympic Games are the highest rank competition of the international athletics, in Olympic Games' big family, the track and field sports have the characteristics of great number of gold medals and wide scope of effect, which is known as"who wins the track and field sports wins the world". All the powerful nations in the world take the development of track and field sports seriously, and China is not an exception, which should pay attention to the full scale development of the track and field project to promote the entire level of China's athletics sportsIn the 29th Olympic Games, our country's track and field team has sent out the hugest battle formation throughout history including 77 athletes, who participated 33 items in 47 projects. There are nine athletes and one team progressed into the first 8 places in 7 projects, and two athletes entered the first 3 places. Judging from the participative population, the number of the players entering the first 8 places and the overall accumulated points, China's track and field sports has made certain progress slightly, demonstrating that"the overall thickness"has the sign of further enhancement tendency; From the number of medals they got, and the phenomenon of female strong and male weak, we can see China's track and field team showed the further enlarging tendency instead of reducing the gap compared with powerful nations.Analyze the characteristics of the new competitive pattern in the field of track and field sports in the world, understand its new development tendency, and make clear China's position among the overall strength in each participative countries(areas) through the result of the Beijing Olympic Games. According to China's results in this or even the near few sessions of Olympic Games, find out the superiority items which fit for our country's track and field sports, and analyzes the main factors which affect our country's track and field sports. Through the diagnosis, from sports system, trainer factor, athlete factor, X factor race difference and many aspects, conduct the exploration research, discover the primary factors which cause our country's track and field sports team to obtain the excellent result, and propose reasonable proposal and countermeasure to by time further rich and perfect our country's track and field research, and provide the reference for the sustainable development of our country's track and field course, then realize China's true feasible breakthrough in this inferiority project.This article conducts the analysis and research taking the result of track and field competition in this session of Olympic Games in China and other powerful countries as the main object for study, using the literature material law, the expert interview law, the comparison test, the mathematical method of average and the questionnaire survey procedure, and draw the following results:1.The gold medals of the medal track and field competition in the Beijing Olympic Games assume the divergence trend, which symbolizes the track and field sports has obtained the unprecedented popularization and the development in the world scope. But, the world's overall pattern of track and field sports is not balanced, displays the characteristics of obvious groups of superior item and the region ownership.2.The medals in four countries, American, Russian, Jamaican, and the Kenyan all achieved two figures, which are for the first time at the modern Olympic Games, symbolizing formation of the new pattern ---"four countries stand like a tripod"in the field world.3.With the development of the global economy, track and field sports have already stepped into comprehensive trend of science and technology, internationalization and globalization. The Olympic Games events are broader and broader, and the number of participants is more and more, the participative countries become into steady state gradually, meanwhile, every country concentrates their energy to develop their own superior projects.4.According to the analysis of characteristics about the national overall strength of track and field sports, China is in the 3rd group. The gap between the 1st group and the 2nd, the3rd, and the4th groups is shrinking. However, the differences among the 2nd, the3rd, and the 4th group were still extremely remarkable.5.During the Beijing Olympic Games, although our country's track and field sports have made certain progress, its overall level is quite low, lacking the top-class contestant. It is in the relative backward status in the world, and the results of the major projects have obvious disparity with the world level. The minority superior projects'results glide down, only attaining two bronze medals, which objectively reflects our country's track and field sports'present level.6.The result of track and field sports in Beijing Olympic Games still continued the phenomenon that"the excess of female and shortage of male", which appeared in the 2000s. And this phenomenon hasn't showed slightly improvement. The phenomenon of"the excess of female and shortage of male"demonstrated the typical characteristic of weak country in track and field.7.The primary factors affecting China's track and field sports'development include: From the sports system: the phenomenon of"three morning"of athletes in their life curve,"the strategic question about"all transports out, and malpractice of administration system on the track and field sports; From the analysis of trainer's factor: lacking the profound understanding about scientific training, and the low salary to them. From the analysis of athlete factor: athlete's bad psychological quality, the athlete's existing erroneous zone about the way of culture and education, and their low income and unemployment after retire. X factor"race"difference. |
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