The Influence Of Leptin And Adiponectin On The Women With Gestational Diabetes Mellitus And The Fetuses

ObjectivesIn this study,we explore the relationship between the expression of leptin, adiponectin in placental tissue and gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM). Also we explore the relationship between changes of their expression level and intrauterine growth of the fetuses.Methods40 patients diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus and their neonates, 40 patients uncomplicated pregnancies and their neonates in controlled from January 2009 to March 2010 were enrolled. Tissues were collected from those complicated by gestational diabetes mellitus and the controls as soon as the placentas were delivered. RT-PCR was applied to measure the expression of leptin and adiponectin in placental tissue. Newborn babies were immediately measured the weight, height, head circumference, arm circumference and blood sugar less than 2 hours after their delivery. The mRNA expression of leptin and adiponectin in GDM cases were compared with the controls in order to examine the changes of leptin, adiponectin expression in GDM. And then the correlation between the expression of the two genes and the birth weight , height, head circumference, arm circumference were analyzed so as to explore the relationship between expression of leptin, adiponectin in placental tissue and the growth of the fetuses in uterus.ResultsThere were statistical differences between the GDM group and the control group(P<0.05). There were increases in leptin mRNA expression and decreases in adiponectin mRNA expression in GDM group compared with the control group (0.097±0.051 to 0.065±0.033 , 0.054±0.029 to 0.082±0.043). The difference is bigger for the Women whose blood sugar were controlled unsatisfactory. The result revealed that expression of leptin was no correlation with neonatal weight, height, head circumference and arm circumference. And the expression of adiponectin was negatively correlated with weight and head circumference. The correlation coefficient were -0.384 and -0.327. It was no correlation with neonatal height and arm circumference.ConclusionsThese data suggest that the altered mRNA expression of leptin and adiponectin in placental tissue may be involved in insulin resistance and the pathogenesis of GDM. And the decreased mRNA expression of adiponectin may influence the intrauterine growth of the fetuses.