Research On The Distinguishing Words In The Teaching Of Chinese As A Second Language

The distinguishing words refer to the words that can only be used as the modifiers for nouns under normal conditions such as"small-sized","chronic","public","top-grade", and"current"and so on. The distinguishing words have been changing constantly, and in the researches on the text of Chinese, the researchers never stop making researches on distinguishing words. From this special category of words being realized, to the profound research on the names of distinguishing words, their relationships with other categories of words, their functions and characteristics, the phenomena such as subdivision, multi-category words and functional shifting of distinguishing words as well as the reasons of those phenomena, and finally unanimous opinions about some significant matters being concluded, the researches on the distinguishing words have undergone a long way. Although the forerunners hold different attitudes towards the distinguishing words, the researches on distinguishing words become more and more precise and systematic. In the teaching of Chinese as a second language, there are a certain number of distinguishing words, and foreign students may make some mistakes when using those words. However, there are relatively few researches in this field. With the distinguishing words in the teaching of Chinese as a second language as the subject investigated, this paper attempts to make detailed researches from dynamic and developing perspective. It falls into five parts:The Introduction part mainly introduces the background and significance of the topic selection, the overview of the researches on distinguishing words as well as the research theories and methods applied in this paper.In Chapter One, method of data statistics, method of induction and method of deduction are combined to make analysis of and research on the distinguishing words in the Outline of HSK Vocabulary. Moreover, the Markedness Theory of Prague School is applied to classify the distinguishing words with reference to"çš„". Finally, the characteristics of the distinguishing words in the Outline of HSK Vocabulary are summarized on the basis of the data gained through investigation.In Chapter Two, research is made to investigate how the distinguishing words in the Outline of HSK Vocabulary are distributed in the teaching materials such as Intensive Reading for Chinese as a Second Language and Oral Chinese etc., and analysis is made to investigate how the distinguishing words are edited in the teaching materials.In Chapter Three, on the basis of HSK Dynamic Composition Database, thorough searching for the data concerning the distinguishing words that appear in the teaching materials are made, to summarize the mistakes that foreign students tend to make when using distinguishing words and the reasons of making such mistakes. Some feasible teaching suggestions are given on how to teach the distinguishing words effectively in the teaching of Chinese as a second language, targeting at the mistakes that the foreign students tend to make.The Conclusion part makes conclusion of the researches in this paper, and puts forward the innovations and deficiencies of this paper.