The Study On Two Pairs Of Time Adverbs Acquisition In TCSL

As we all know, Chinese lacks of clear morphological markers. Function words play an important role in the grammatical expression. Of which is Adverb is rich and flexible, time adverb is one key point of function words that express tense category, and it is one of the difficulties in teaching Chinese as a second language, because of the quantity, the complex meaning and flexible using. In this thesis, I selected "Zai","You","LiKe","MaShang" that appears frequently in "Words and Characters for Chinese Proficiency Level Outline", to institute their (primary, intermediate, advanced) Inter-language acquisition, in order to better understand the studying process of the two pairs of time adverbs, and then find out countermeasures to improve teaching.I have discussed the definition of time adverb in modern Chinese, classified time adverbs according to the "Time" and "State" meaning, and described the characteristics of adverbs of time.By investigating "HSK dynamic composition corpus", we found out the rule of the right acquisition about "Zai". "You","LiKe","MaShang" at all stages.The order of the acquainted meanings of "Zai" should be:acquainted the additional meaning, followed duplicate meaning. "Zai "modified a verb, "Zai+ verb "is the main syntactic form; "Zai+verbs" acquainted a little later. Students in the senior stage acquainted sustain and strengthen meanings, that is, "Zai" modified quantifiers and adjectives are learned later than verbs.Students first acquainted "You" that repetitive and parallel meanings, and are widely used. Acquisition "You" twist meaning also earlier, Tone and add meanings are acquainted in the senior. In the syntax, "You" the most modified is the verb, followed by adjective, modifying quantifier is appeared after the senior stage. The most common syntax forms of "You" Modify adjective in modern Chinese are "You...you..." and "Ji...you...", that is not occur in the acquisition corpus, probably because the tone and additional meanings are more difficult to grasp and acquisition. The main form of "You" Modified quantifier in initial stage is "Yi... you...", the senior stage is "You+quantifier".In corpus, the most use meaning of "LiKe" is the one thing that has just ended, another thing happened next, with no pause. The followed is the one thing that will be happen, often conjuncts the adverb "Jiu". In corpus, "LiKeJiu" occupied about more than two-thirds ratio in the correct using.Students first acquainted "MaShang" that expressed two things have occurred, one thing immediately after the incident the previous, the use of the verb, adjective before. And then "MaShang" means one thing will be happen in a very short time, conjunct the adverb "Jiu". The last acquainted meaning of "MaShang" is meaning the nearest future, can be used before in the subject.Thesis described the forms and features of the errors in the corpus. The errors forms of "Zai" and "In" at the primary stage major are mixed; "Zai" the major error is missing at intermediate stage; the error of "You" and "Have" at the primary stage is mixed. The error of "You" and other time words at the intermediate stage is mixed; and another error is the error when we use the structure of "You...you...","Ji.. you...". But the mixed usage of "You" in senior stage gradually decrease, but new error appeared. Like mistakenly generation of adverb which connect the sentences. The major error that the international student make are:the mixture of is "LiKe" and "MaShang"; the misusage of "MaShang", the position error of "MaShang" and "Jiu"。These errors are the main cause of:Native of negative transfer, teaching materials and classroom teaching, learning strategies and so on.We also conducted a questionnaire survey for foreign students; further evidence the acquainted rules of the two pairs time adverbs. Finally, according to the characteristics of different stages and specific teaching methods, I make the scientific design of teaching.