| ObjectiveAmomum villosum Lour. is belong to Cardamom ginger family phlant,the Dried ri pe fruit is used for its medicinal use, one of China’s famous "four Southern medici ne"。It has the function of appetizer with dampness、Wenpi with diarrhea、Liqi wit h miscarriage。Amomum villosum Lour. is Short vitality seed and low germination rate of germi nation characteristics, It has a long history of cultivation in Traditional Areas。In th e practice, the method is "broadcast with" approach when using seed seedling produ ction, is not conducive to a large number of seedlings seedling breeding。However, due to its strong ramets ability, and the pups has the early flowering and fruiting c haracteristics; Long-term asexual reproduction could easily lead to the degradation of its kind, high pests and diseases, medicinal quality decline。In addition, Even the Traditional Areas area produced Amomum villosum Lour, because different populatio ns of fauna habitat characteristics inconsistent differences and harvest periods, seed quality also exist the wide disparities。In oder to find out the characteristics of Amo mum villosum Lour. seeds, to conduct seedling seed breeding technology, and it is beneficial to the development of medicine productionMethods1.Referring to the Rules for agricultural seed testing,A.villosum Lour. seed qualit y (authenticity, grain weight, moisture content, viability, germination rate) were meas ured from nine different populations in Traditional Areas2.In accordance with the preferred method of measuring the indicators detected, o16different populations of A.villosum Lour.quality was testedThe seed quality grading standards were developed by. the K-cluster analysis。F resh and natural dry seed viability was82.00～95.03%, after storage at4℃(72d), seed viability was51.33～79.67%;3. Randomly selected germination0d,10d,20d,30d,35d,35d,40d of A. villosum Lour.seeds。Adopt changes stereoscope, observed and recorded the rate of e mbryo, Anthrone colorimetry respectively, Coomassie blue G-250method and the oi1weight method, to determine the soluble polysaccharide, soluble protein and fat co ntent, metabolism seed dormancy breaking and germination process were analyzed; Adopting the HPLC. of Sand the A.villosum Lour.seeds, endogenous hormones (GA3, IAA, ABA) content of germination.was determined。Chromatographic conditions. Mobile phase:A-methanol, B-acetonitrile, C-phosphate buffer (pH3.3); flow rate of1mL/min; gradient:0min,20%A:0%B:80%C;0‖50min,25%A:15%B:60%C; column temperature35℃; injection volume:10μL; detection wavelength: dual wavelength,210nm (GA3) and260nm (IAA, ABA).Results1. the A.villosum Lour. seed quality testing methods:Determination of grain weig ht to500tablets of law is appropriate; moisture content determination method is ap propriate to lower the thermostat; the viability is measured using the TTC method to0.4%tetrazolium solution at a temperature of30℃staining12h; seed priming, t hen using concentrated sulfuric acid soaking, GA cryogenic soaking; buds should ch oose the sand bed and gauze; germination temperature20-28℃to25℃or variabl e temperature is appropriate.2.16different populations of grain weight of A.villosum Lour. seeds is6.808-19.120g, the range of water content is11.46-19.20%, the germination rate of in hor mone soaking in low temperature is better than in hormone soaking in nomal tempe rature (p<0.01)。4℃storage of seed germination Spring sand first increased and th en decreased germination rate in the range of30to60%。the seed quality standard will be divided into three parts Initially。One:germination rate≥45.78, grain weig ht≥15.672, life force≥65.75, moisture≤11.18, two:germination rate≥20.44, gr ain weight≥14.278, life force≥64.00, moisture≤11.35, three:germination rate>10.00, grain weight≥6.808, moisture≤13.87.3Without treatment the Amomum villosum Lour. seed embryo rate was32.81%while it rose after treatment, which rose slowly in the earlier stage,15～25d incre ased significantly, forming a germ, hypocotyls, radicly. In0～10d the soluble polys accharide content increased gradually and reached2.55mg/g,10～35d decreased,35～40d nearly balanced; In0-10d the soluble protein increased slowly and reached the peak value2.16mg/g,10-30d decreased slowly,30～35d rose, And35-4 0d decreased; In0～45d the crude fat content continued to decline, decreased fro m28.7mg/g to9.7mg/g. After low-temperature hormones soaking the seeds, initial IAA content was low,503.15ng/g, while ABA content was3539.24ng/g, after10～20d, GA3, IAA content increased, ABA content decreased. The ratios of GA3/A BA, IAA/ABA in0-20d during seed germination were relatively stable, the subse quent20～40d rose curve.Conclusionthe quality of seeds seriously degradate, the germination rate is generally low。Pr eliminary Amomum villosum Lour. seed can be divided into three levels based on t he quality of seed quality test results。Soaking in the hormone in low temperature may break dormancy and promote seed germination。There was obvious difference i n the quality of different populations of Amomum villosum Lour. seeds。the embryo during seed germination rate showed a gradual upward trend, its inherent nutrient m etabolism and endogenous hormone levels showed some changes and trends. |
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