A Study On Effect Of The Health Education Intervention About HIV/AIDS Among The Residents Who Live In Urban And Rural Communities In Putian, Fujian Province

Objectives:(1) To understand the situation of the knowledge, attitude and behavior about HIV/AIDS among residents who live in urban and rural communities in Putian, Fujian province. In addition, the present situation and demand of them for HIV/AIDS health education is also need to understand.(2) To analyze the influence factors of the residents’ understanding level of HIV/AIDS related knowledge in urban and rural communities in Putian, Fujian province.(3) To compare the effect of the intervention, and to explore the health education pattern which can be promoted by performing the health education intervention about HIV/AIDS related knowledge among the residents who live in urban and rural communities in Putian, Fujian Province.Methods:1. The self-made questionnaire of HIV/AIDS knowledge for community was used. The community residents from three urban and three rural communities were chosen based on the location where from city center to the rural area in Putian, Fujian province to complete the questionnaire.18nursing undergraduates were chosen as surveyors and1community staff was chosen as survey coordinator for own community. They were trained to unify the survey criteria together before conducting the survey. Every community received170questionnaires for the benchmark survey.968effective questionnaires were collected. A six-month HIV/AIDS health education intervention was performed to the community residents. The major intervention model was the nursing students associate with the community staffs visiting residents’ home and giving a face-to-face education of HIV/AIDS knowledge. The leaflets of HIV/AIDS prevention knowledge and the photographs of HIV/AIDS were presented and the video about HIV/AIDS knowledge was play as complement. During the period of the intervention,14residents withdraw. After the intervention,1006 questionnaires were give out,968effective questionnaires were collected. The data was collected for comparing with the benchmark survey to find out the difference about awareness level of HIV/AIDS related knowledge and change of their attitude and behavior towards HIV/AIDS before and after the education intervention. Descriptive analysis, chi-squared (χ2) test, one-way analysis of variance, and unconditional logistic regression analysis were used for statistical analysis. The chi-squared (χ2) test was used to evaluate the effect of intervention.Results:(1) The average awareness rate of HIV/AIDS related knowledge for968community residents was46.3%. The investigation objects were divided into high score group and the low score group by the average rate46.3%. The average awareness rate of the high score group was57%, and the average awareness rate of the low score group was35.7%.(2) The community residents’ awareness level of HIV/AIDS related knowledge was affected by many factors included age, place of abode, education level, profession, income and attitude towards AIDS patients.(3) The community residents’ overall awareness level of HIV/AIDS related knowledge significantly increased after health education intervention, there was statistically significant difference (x2=2284.60,P<0.01); After the intervention, the community residents’ attitude and behavior towards HIV/AIDS had positive change, there was statistically significant difference (x2=194.75,P <0.01).(4) After the health education intervention, the community residents’ desire for understanding, obtaining and disseminating the knowledge about HIV/AIDS became significantly stronger than before; there was statistically significant difference (x2=118.39，P<0.01).Conclusions:(1) The community residents in Putian, Fujian had lower awareness level of HIV/AIDS related knowledge. Community residents older age, rural, low education, low income levels, negative attitudes and behavior of AIDS patients of the population should be the focus of future AIDS health education.(2) The health education intervention measures such as face-to-face HIV/AIDS education with health promotion materials were used. The community residents’ awareness rate of HIV/AIDS related knowledge had greatly increased, and attitude and behavior improved as well. This indicated that the HIV/AIDS health education intervention had certain feasibility. It laid a solid foundation for HIV/AIDS prevention and control in the communities.(3)After intervention, the majority of the community residents tend to treat HIV/AIDS patients more positively, but they still psychologically exclude and reject HIV/AIDS patients and cannot treat them as normal people. However the community residents’ desire for understanding, obtaining and disseminating the knowledge about HIV/AIDS became significantly stronger.