| The genus Ligularia(Compositae) is a perennial herbaceous plants, mainly distributed in southwest and northwest of China. Many species from genus Ligularia were used as folk medicines for the treatment of inflammations, coughs, scarlet fever, rheumatoidal arthritis, jaundice, and hepatic diseases. In Southwest China(Yunnan, Guizhou and Sichuan), Northeast China(Jilin) and Northwest China(Gansu), nearly 40 species of this genus were used as alternative medicines for "Ziwan", a famous traditional Chinese medicine, and they were commonly called as "Shan Ziwan". Eremophilane sesquiterpene is the main active ingredient of genus Ligularia, with a variety of physiological activity. Since the 1960 s, many extensive researches have been carried out for this genus, and many important results have been achieved. In order to dig more plants from the genus Ligularia with medicinal value, look for promising compounds with antitumor activities, and develop new herbal resources, we systematically studied the chemical constituents of Ligularia pleurocaulis, a species from the genus Ligularia, which was collected in Kangding County, Sichuan Province.We extracted volatile oil of L. pleurocaulis by steam distillation, and analysis its chemical composition by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS). 27 compounds were identified from the volatile oil of L. pleurocaulis, most of them are sesquiterpene, such as β-eudesmol(11.76%),?-eudesmol(10.98%) and(+) Calarene(7.87%), sesquiterpene components accounted for 67.63% of the total volatile oil.To explore the antibacterial and antioxidant activity of volatile oil which was extracted from L. pleurocaulis, we applied MTT and DPPH methods respectively. The results indicated that the volatile oil showed moderate antibacterial activities against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtili. The essential oil obtained from L. pleurocaulis also showed good DPPH· free radical scavenging activity, and the scavenging rate is up to 86.45 % at the concentration of 40 mg/ml.For the non-volatile components of L. pleurocaulis, we employed conventional column chromatography(CC), preparative thin layer chromatography(PTLC), recrystallization and other means to separate the chemical components, and used MS, 1D NMR( 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, DEPT), 2D-NMR(1H-1H COSY, HMBC, HMQC), X-ray crystallographic analysis to elucidate the structures. 20 compounds were isolated, which were 3-Oxoeremophila-1(2),7(11)-dien-8?,12-olide( 1)、 stearic acid( 2)、 4?-Hydroxydihydroagarofuran(3)、oleic acid(4)、(7?,9?,10?)-9,10- epoxyeremophilan-11-ol(5)、stigmast-4-3ene ketone(6)、sitosterol(7)、6?-angeloyloxy- furanoeremophil-1(10)-en-3?-ol(8)、Ligupleurol(9)、Ligupleurolide C(10)、Ligupleurolide A(11)、oleanolic acid / ursolic acid(12/13)、3-oxo-8?-ethoxyeremophila-1(2),7(11)-dien-8,12-olide(14)、6?-tigloyloxyfuranoeremophil-1(10)-en-3?-ol(15)、10?-hydroxy-1-oxoeremophila-7(11),8(9)-dien-8,12-olide(16)、Ligupleurotin(17)、3-Oxo-8?-hydroxy-10?H-eremophila-1,7(11)-dien-8?,12-olide(18)、Ligupleurolide B(19)、6?, 22-dihydroxyhopane(20). They are mainly sesquiterpenes, triterpenes, sterols, fatty acids and other compounds. The compound 9, 10, 11, 17 and 19 are new compounds, and all of these new compounds are sesquiterpenes. |
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