| Blumea balsamifera(L.) DC. is perennial herbaceous plant, which belongs to the family Asteraceae.It’s the only source of refined traditional Chinese medicine—Aipian. Current research on Blumea. balsamifera mainly focus on its constituents, pharmacology, etc, but less on the variation regularity of the chemical composition from the aspect of time and space. Therefore, the present study was to investigate the seasonal distribution and tissue distribution of the chemical composition, at the same time the differences of chemical composition in different habitats, and the influence factors were analyzed as well, which based on establishing the basis of l-borneol and total flavonoids determination on B. balsamifera. so as to provide a theoretical basis for standardized harvesting and Suitable growth area on B. balsamifera. 1. The determination methods of l-borneol and total flavonoids in B. balsamifera was established.The l-borneol of the plant was determined by gas chromatography with methyl salicylate as internal standard, and total flavonoids were determined by the Aluminum nitrate colorimetry method of UV spectrophotometry. The determination methods of l-borneol and total flavonoids are simple, rapid and accurate, which can be used as content determination of l-borneol and total flavonoids in B. balsamifera. 2. Significant differences were existed in the chemical compositions of the B. balsamifera seedling in different dates of germination, B. balsamifera in different month and in different age.The analysis of variance was used for statistical analysis of the l-borneol and total flavonoids. The results showed that, the contents of l-borneol in B.balsamifera seedling were increased with the growth days goes on. And the B.balsamifera seedlings, which is growing less than a month before the harvest period, should be removed, because of it’s less contents of l-borneol and biological yield. While the condition of total flavonoids was complicated. The total flavonoids content of B.balsamifera seedlings growing 10 days and 20 days are higher than that growing 60 days and 80 days. The differences were existed in B.balsamifera chemical ingredients of different months of the year, The content of l-borneol in October was the highest, but there was no significant difference from August to December in l-borneol content(P>0.05). Relatively speaking, total flavonoids in June, August and November are higher; l-borneol content of B.balsamifera in three years was the highest compared with other ages, and there was a significant difference with B.balsamifera in one year or less(P<0.05), total flavonoids content of B.balsamifera in two years was the highest compared with other ages, and there was a significant difference with other ages(P<0.05). 3. Significant differences were existed in the chemical compositions of the different tissue of B. balsamifera in the period of vegetative growth and reproductive growthThe analysis of variance was used for statistical analysis of the l-borneol and total flavonoids. The results showed that, in the period of vegetative growth, the l-borneol of tender leaves was the highest, and there was a significant difference with other tissue(P<0.05), but the l-borneol content of the function leaves, senescent leaf and dead leaves were very considerable; In the period of reproductive growth, the l-borneol of tender leaves was the highest, and there was significant difference with the other six parts(P<0.05). There were almost no l-borneol existed in lateral branch, flowering branch, flower bud and flower. For total flavonoids, in the period of vegetative growth, the total flavonoids content of the functional leaves was the highest, with no significant difference with tender leaves, senescent leaves(P>0.05), but with significant difference with the young shoots, young stems and dead leaves(P<0.05). In the period of reproductive growth, the total flavonoids content of the functional leaves was the highest, with no significant difference with flower bud and tender leaves(P>0.05), but all of them are significant different with dead leave, lateral branch and flowering branch(P<0.05). And there was no significant difference in the total flavonoids content of dead leaves, flowering branch and flower(P>0.05). 4. Significant differences were existed in the chemical compositions of B. balsamifera in different population, while there were no significant difference in the the active ingredient of B.balsamifera in Hainan and Guizhou.The analysis of variance was used for statistical analysis of the active ingredients in 39 populations of 8 different producing place in Hainan and Guizhou. The results showed that, there are significant difference in the total flavonoids content in different population, but with not statistically significant in l-borneol content. So there are some differences in the chemical composition of B.balsamifera between Hainan and Guizhou province, but with not statistically significant. it may be feasible to use the B. balsamifera as the raw material for L-borneol extraction; 5. N, S and soil pH had significant influence on the quality of B. balsamiferaThe soil factors were determinated by physical and chemical analysis. And the correlation analysis, regression analysis and gray relational analysis were used to figure out the relationship between the soil and the active ingredient. The results showed that, the correlation between the content of l-borneol and effective sulfur was markedly negative in 0.05 level. The correlation between the content of total flavonoids and pH, hydrolytic nitrogen, exchangeable calcium and exchangeable magnesium was markedly negative in 0.05 level. By stepwise regression analysis, we fond that the content of l-borneol was dominantly affected by the effective sulfur, while total flavonoids was dominantly affected by pH. By grey relational analysis, we fond pH was an important factor affecting the active ingredients of B.balsamifera, which was followed by hydrolytic nitrogen, effective sulfur and the organic matter. as a result, whether it is to choose the appropriate production place or fertilize, attention should be paid to the impact of N, Sulfur and soil pH on the active ingredients of B.balsamifera. |
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