| ObjectiveThis study through the investigation on physical examination, biochemical indicator detection, dietary investigation and gene polymorphisms to find the difference between overweight and control group, and to explore the influencing factors of overweight and obesity in the elderly in tianjin, and to discuss the relationship between dietary patterns, gene polymorphism and obesity in old people which improve the quality of life and provide the guidance and scientific basis for overall health. MethodsThe study was conducted in the Health Examination Center of Xincun Street and Shuangjie Town in Beichen District of Tianjin, China. Select the object between 60-75 years old and excluding the peoole whose questionnaire information is not complete and the person who changing dietary habits and accept dietary guidance recently. Dietary intake was estimated by food frequency questionnaire(FFQ). Besides, the physical and biochemical indexes were measured. Using the snapshot technology to detect gene polymorphism in representative person of each group.The analysis of variance(ANOVA), and rank test were used to compare the differences among multiple datas, and factor analysis method were used to obtain dietary pattern. Then logistic regression model was used to illustrate the overweight and obesity influencing factors. ResultsGeneral situation:There was no significant difference of the state of smoking, drinking, exercise distribution between the three groups in male and female.Clinical characteristics:The body weight, BMI, waist circumference(WC) and fasting plasma glucose(FPG) in overweight and obesity group is higher than the control group. And the systolic blood pressure(SBP) and diastolic blood pressure(DBP) show a increasing trend between the three groups in female while only the obesity group is higher than the control group in male(P<0.01).Dietary factors analysis:the food and nutrients intake were compared.The fish,shrimp and crab shell intake of overweight female is lower than the other two groups, the nuts intake of male obesity group is lower than the control group, livestock meat intake of the male overweight and obesity group were higher than the control group, the fish,shrimp and crab shell intake of the male obesity group is higher than the other two groups.After the adjustment of age, energy and exercise by Logistic regression analysis,the fish,shrimp and crab shellfish and element selenium is overweight women?s protection factor.Dietary patterns:this study extract 5 kinds of dietary patterns in female: plant-based patterns, grains and nuts dietary patterns, livestock meat and eggs dietary patterns, poultry and milk dietary patterns,alcohol and drinking patterns.Men are extracted 3 kinds of dietary patterns, respectively is animal dietary patterns, plant-based diet patterns and staple food dietary patterns.Among these dietary pattens, grains and nuts dietary patterns is a risk factor for overweight female, animal dietary pattern is dietary risk factor for overweight and obese men.Vitamin D receptor(VDR) genetic polymorphisms:the results of the study about in genetic polymorphisms show that there?s no relationship between the VDR genotype distribution, gene frequency and the overweight, obesity in male person whlie the genotype of ?aa? and gene frequency of ?a? is associated with overweight and obesity in female(P<0.05). ConclusionThe dietary structure of the elderly in Tianjin community is unreasonable. Grains and nuts dietary patterns and animal dietary pattern are closely related to the overweight and obese people.The individual of overweight and obesity should control the intake of nuts,meat,fish,shrimp and a crab shellfish and pay attention to the intake of the food rich in thiamine, potassium and selenium in daily life, which is advantaged of preventing and controlling the occurrence and development of obesity. In addition, ApaI is associated with overweight and obese in women. |
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