Hypertension Prevalence And Risk Factors Among Adult Population In Gansu Province

Aims As the rapid development of the economy, hypertension has become a serious threat to human health, and the major death of cardiovascular disease. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and the associated risk factors of hypertension among adult population in Gansu province. Methods This study selected a total of 34792 subjects, and 31417 subjects(including 14083 men and 17334 women) completed the survey and examination. According to the basic principle of epidemiological sampling survey, we used a multistage, random stratified sampling method to select a representative sample of persons. It included all persons resident in China’s Gansu province(5 years or longer), aged 20-74 years. We used a standard mercury sphygmomanometer for the measurement of blood pressure. The blood pressure was measured at right upper arm 3 times with 5 minute apart between the measurements. The average of the 3 measurements was used as the participant’s blood pressure. After an interview with a standard questionnaire and physical examination included the height, weight, heart rate, waistline and hipline of the subject, venous blood sample was taken from each participant for an oral glucose-tolerance test(OGTT) and cholesterol. Each participant should sign a written informed consent before data collection. We used the EpiData 3.1 software for data entry and codification, Data were done twice for reduce potential errors. We used the SPSS 19.0 software for statistical analysis. Results In this study, the crude hypertension prevalence rate was 27.7%. The prevalence of hypertension was 29.8% in males and 26.1% in female. The age-standardized prevalence rate was 23.2%. The age-standardized prevalence of hypertension was 25.9% in males and 21.0% in females. The prevalence of hypertension was 6.1%, 12.1%, 23.1%, 31.8%, and 51.3% among people aged 20-29, 30-39, 40-49, 50-59, 60-74 years, respectively. The prevalence of hypertension in rural residents was higher than that in urban residents(31.9% vs. 24.2%, P<0.001). Hypertension awareness rate was 49.9%, treatment rate was 37.7%, and control rate was 13.3%. Binary logistic regression analysis showed that male sex, age, rural residency, overweight, obesity, central obesity, less than college, smoking, a family history of hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia were risk factors for hypertension in this study. Conclusions The age-standardized prevalence of hypertension among Gansu’s adults(23.2%) was higher than the data of the China NNHS 2002(18%), but lower than the data of NDMDS 2007~08(26.6%). The prevalence of hypertension was higher in male than that in female(29.8% vs. 26.1%, P<0.001). The prevalence of hypertension was higher in rural than that in urban. In addition, the prevalence of hypertension increased with age groups. The rates of hypertension awareness, treatment and control in this study are not satisfactory. Effective protection countermeasures are needed to improve the prevention and treatment of hypertension in China’s Gansu province.