The Influence Of Time Factor For Forgetting Metacognitive Monitoring

Learning judgment(judgment of learning, JOL) refers to the judgment of individual’s current forecast about their testing scores later, and it is an important element of memory monitoring judgment. This judgment is always accompanied by the daily school life, which provides the basis for subsequent learning plans, so the consistency with the actual scores is particularly important. Many factors could affect learning judgment and its accuracy, Koriat think it was mainly influenced by internal cues, external cues and memory cues, the impact of external cues(such as keeping time interval) which are often underestimated, and when consider the impact of "forgotten" rather than "Remember", the predictive accuracy is improved, suggesting that participants remain more information in the "forgotten" than "remember".In this study, two experiments are aimed to investigate whether the remember and forgotten have the same monitoring mechanism in terms of time factor. Study 1 followed the traditional experimental LJR, the prediction interval includes five minutes, one day and one week. The study focused on JOFs and the actual extent of memory and forgetting among different time intervals. The results show that:(1) There was a significant difference on JOF under different intervals, external cues are not always underestimated, and JOF of one week was significantly higher than five minutes, JOF of one day was same with the other conditions;(2) Participants can accurately predict JOLs at different intervals, JOL for one week was significantly lower than five minutes, and JOLs for one day had no significant difference between the other two condition;(3) The predicted value and the actual scores tend to get match. Overall, subjects underestimated their forgetting extent and overvalued their memory extent. Monitoring results for the forgotten and the memory correspond to each other.Based on study 1, the time factor was set as delay judgment and immediate judgment in study 2. Many studies found a steady and significant delay JOL effect, which meant delayed relative accuracy was significantly higher than immediate JOL. We referred to the traditional JOL procedures, observed the JOL based on forgetting perspective. The results showed that:(1)Under the immediate condition, the words of JOF was "V" shape, and under the delay condition, the words of JOF was "U" shape;(2) The actual extent of forgetting in delay condition was less than instant judgment;(3) The delay forgetting accuracy was significantly higher than immediately forgotten, which was consistent with the effect of the delay.Above all, we can initially thought, forgetting metacognitive monitoring and memory metacognitive monitoring can share the same theoretical framework based on the time factor.