| Today, facing the disintegrated meaning world of traditional culture, it comes to a modern life full of changeable and complex.Many young people gradually caught in a "existence crisis", with the lost of spiritual and ideal.Therefore,more and more people begin to pay attention to the life meaning and value target. Frankl is the first psychologist to put forward the meaning of life. Then subsequently, psychologists begin to study life meaning in different perspectives.However,due to its concept’ depth, complexity, and the characteristics of the age and culture, scholars at home and abroad have not form an unified opinion about its concept and measurement.As a special student group and a growing group,there are few scholars focus on the study about vocational college students specially.Therefore, the study aims to take the vocational colleges students as the research object, and from the perspective of life sources, to develop a scale which accords with the practical situation of China’s vocational college students,and discuss its’ characteristics.We hope to provide a reliable measurement tool and some advice for the work of mental health education in vocational college students.Through literature review, discussion with experts and open investigation, we put forward the dimensions assumptions about life meaning of higher vocational college students, including four dimensions:(1) life goal,refers to have ones’ own goal,pursuit and faith, can well arrange their spare time, and have a full life;(2) social support, refers to have emotional support from the family member,and friends, feel cared and loved;(3) the self value, refers to insight into ones’ own value, others’ needs, and their contributions to the collective and society;(4) self harmony, refers to have a good mentality, acceptance of the self, achieve a harmonious state between self assessment and experience.On the basis of these dimensions theory, this study created the meaning life scale of higher vocational students through an open investigation, preliminary testing, formal testing steps and so on. The open questionnaire recycles 137 effective questionnaires,verifying the theory of the early ideas. The primary scale recycles 507 questionnaires, through the project analysis, exploratory factor analysis,and finally extract four factors, again verifying the preliminary assumptions, and examining the appropriateness of scale items, obtaining a scale of containing 16 items. The formal scale received 800 valid questionnaires, with the internal consistency coefficient is 0.883, retest reliability is 0.863, the generalized coefficient is 0.89722, the reliability index is 0.89722, shows that the scale is stable and reliable. correlation coefficient matrix and the confirmatory factor analysis indicate that the scale model fitting effect is good, with chi square/df = 2.265, GFI = 0.916, CFI = 0.933, IFI = 0.934, TLI = 0.918, RMSEA = 0.063, RMR = 0.031, PNFI = 0.725, PGFI = 0.660; I-CVI are above 0.833,S-CVI is 0.878, all complying with the surveying index.Criterion validity results show that the scale total score including each dimension and the meaning of life in Chinese questionnaire,the general health questionnaire,the general well-being index scale and the sense of life self rating scale are significant positive correlation;and UCLA loneliness scale were significant negative correlation. This is consistent with previous research results, and indicating that this scale as an instrument of life scale of higher vocational students is reliable.This study also surveyed and analyzed the characteristics of vocational college students’ life meaning. The results showed that :there is no gender significant differences in scale scores and self value, men higher than women in life goal.women higher than men in self harmony and social support. The non-only child is higher than the only child significantly,while in other dimensions and scale scores are no significant differences. Student cadres is higher significantly than non students cadres on life goal, self-worth and total score and no significant differences on social support and self harmony. Presence of religion in scale scores and four dimensions were not significant differences. there is no grade significant difference on life goal.freshman and sophomore are higher than junior student on social support and self harmonious and scale total score,sophomore is higher than freshman and junior on self value.The results of this research are as follows:(1) the self-made life meaning scale of higher vocational students is made up of 16 items of four dimensions. Its operational definition is that,it’s a sense of self-value developing affected the culture and environment.it’s a state containing abundant life meaning through accepting self,understanding relationship,choosing life style and life goal.And it Includes life goal, social support, self worth and self harmonious four dimensions.(2)The scale has good reliability and validity, and can be a reliable tool to measure meaning life of higher vocational college students.(3) the subjects of this study life total score is higher. there is no gender significant differences in scale scores and self value, men higher than women in life goal.women higher than men in self harmony and social support.The non-only child is higher than the only child significantly,while in other dimensions and scale scores are no significant differences. Student cadres is higher significantly than non students cadres on life goal, self-worth and total score and no significant differences on social support and self harmony. Presence of religion in scale scores and four dimensions were not significant differences. there is no grade significant difference on life goal.freshman and sophomore are higher than junior student on social support and self harmonious and scale total score,sophomore is higher than freshman and junior on self value.(4) self-esteem plays a partial intermediary role between emotional warmth and life meaning of higher vocational college students,both on the father and the mother. and the mediation effect in total effect are respectively 50.97% in father and 59.20% in mother. |
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