| Objective Diet therapy compliance of elderly type 2 diabetes mellitus patients is believed to be a potential intervention that may influence diabetes mellitus progression. To make a contribution to the health education plan of diabetes, we in this present work aimed at investigating the diet therapy compliance of elderly type 2 diabetes mellitus patients, analyzing related factors, and exploring the effectiveness of the transtheoretical model of change(TTM) to diet therapy compliance.Methods This study is convenient to select elderly patients with type 2 diabetes from inpatients of the Department of Endocrinology in a certain grade-three general hospital of Nantong. We construct archives for patients who are accorded with the inclusion criteria before intervention, and all patients were given a questionnaire about knowledge of diet therapy. Patients in the control group attend conventional education programs about diet control which were held in every Tuesday afternoon. After the knowledge education program, we give the patients 6 months follow-up and the frequency is monthly. We asked patients in the control group whether they had difficulty in the diet control and give them random guidance for the issues. Patients in the intervention group were educated by transtheoretical model, which were given one-by-one individualized intervention according to the diet behavior change of stage. Intervention is divided into two parts, when in the hospital give one-to-one education, and telephone follow-up after discharge once a month for six months. All patients were invited to outpatient at the end of the six months, completed diet therapy compliance questionnaires and clinical indicators. All data were use Epidata3.1 software for data entry. Compare the differences of all indexes between two groups by using SPSS19.0 statistical software for data analysis.Results 159 cases of patients completed the whole study, which eighty patients were in the intervention group, and seventy-nine patients were in the control group.(1) At baseline, the two groups in general information, clinical indicators, diabetes diet knowledge and diet therapy compliance had no statistical significance(P>0.05).(2) Surveys suggest that elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus own a poor knowledge of diet control and their diet therapy compliance is inferior. Cultural degree, income level, duration of diabetes, and diet control knowledge are all essential influential factors to patients’ diet therapy compliance.(3) Under the influence of intervention, the two groups have a statistical significance in the evaluation of diet therapy compliance, knowledge of diet control and diet behavior change of stage(P<0.05). In addition, clinical indicators such as BMI, SP, FBG, 2hPG, HbAlc, TG also have a statistical significance between two groups after intervention(P<0.05). But the comparison of DP, TC, HDL and LDL show no statistical significance in two groups(P>0.05).(4) After 6 mouths intervention, comparison within the group showed that the diet control knowledge, diet therapy compliance and diet behavior change of stage in the intervention group had statistically significant before and after intervention(P<0.01), and the knowledge of diet control in the control group had statistically significant before and after intervention(P<0.01). The clinical indicators were found declined significantly before and after intervention(P<0.01) except for DP, HDL and LDL in the intervention group, and the BMI, FBG, 2hPG, HbA1 c and TG in the control group had statistically significant before and after intervention(P<0.01).Conclusions This work demonstrates diet therapy compliance of elderly type 2 diabetes mellitus patients are poor at present. And what’s more, the role of TTM played in the improvement of diet therapy compliance and clinical indicators are significant than the traditional model, which is scientific, feasible and effective. |
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