The Quality Evaluation Of Chinese Herbal Medicines With Cases Study Of Cynomorh Herba And Cistanche Herba

Cynomorium songaricum Rupr.(Cynomorh Herba),called Suoyang in China,is a perennial,holoparasitic and desert plant,which mainly parasitizes in the roots of Zygophyllaceae and Nitraria L.in desert areas.In 1963,Cynomorh Herba was first recored in Chinese pharmacopoeia of the People’s Republic of China and it was contained in each edition until now.There is a long history of Cynomorh Herba in medicinal and edible in China and Europe.In Mediterranean countries,the Cynomorh Herba was used as an emergency food during the famine.While in the northwest desert of China,it is often eaten as a kind of food.This study collected the Cynomorh Herba samples of 5 provinces from the northwest of China.21 compounds were identified and analyzed firstly by the technique of UPLC-Q-Exactive/HRMS and the robinin was discovered in Cynomorh Herba for the first time.In this study,optimization of experimental conditions that results in the highest content determination of gallic acid,protoactechuic acid and actechin exracts were conducted for the first time.Additionally,different producing areas of Cynomorh Herba were identified and evaluated by the optimized extraction conditions.Additionally,the polysaccharide in Cynomorh Herba was determined by 2 methods and instrument,and compared the polysaccharide content from different producing areas.For the first time,the electronic tongue technique was used to detect and analysis the Cynomorh Herba samples of different producing areas in our study.Additionally,we do research on the Cistanche deserticola Y.C.Ma(Cistanche Herba),including the quality evaluation and of seeds,establishing the standard and investigating the initial processing of producing area.The results showed that the quality of Cynomorh Herba from Qinghai province was the best while Gansu province was the worst.For the first time,the two chemical types of Cynomorh Herba,including Outside Great Wall type and Inside Great Wall type were discovered,and identified by the chemical marker protoactechuic acid.The phenol sulfuric acid detection method and the micro-plate reader were much more appropriate for the polysaccharide determination in Cynomorh Herba.For the different producing areas,the samples from Ejina Banner Inner Mongolia contained the highest content of polysaccharide,while the Alashan Left Banner Inner Mongolia contained the lowest content.These differences on the quality of Cynomorh Herba may be related with the latitude and longitude of the geographical loaction,climatic conditions and others.Based on the analysis of electronic tongue,Cynomorh Herba samples from different producing areas were significantly different,particularly from Xinjiang.This study provides a basis for scientific comprehensive evaluation the quality of Cynomorh Herba.