Study On Habitat Selection And Habitat Assessment Of Mrs Hume's Pheasant(Syrmaticus Humiae) In Ziyun,Guizhou

The Mrs.Hume's Pheasant(Syrmaticus humiae)is an endangered species in the world,It has a narrow geographical distribution and is only distributed in northeast India,northwestern Myanmar,northern Thailand,and southwestern China.In recent years,with the rapid development of economy and society,habitat destruction,especially caused by deforestation,poaching and other factors,is an important reason for the reduction of the Syrmaticus humiae owl living area and population.Therefore,this paper takes the national first-level key protected animal Syrmaticus humiae in the Syrmaticus humiae nature reserve(proposed)in Ziyun County,Guizhou as the research object,and its habitats in each season selection and assessment of habitat suitability are conducted to investigate and understand the Syrmaticus humiae demand for habitats and the spatial distribution pattern of suitable habitats in different seasons,and analyze the matching relationship between species'habitat requirements and the local natural environment,and clarify their The distribution range and characteristics of habitats,and further analysis of the species population decline and the causes of danger,provide scientific basis for the formulation of reasonable protection countermeasures.In this study,from February 2019 to March 2020,we used the transect method,direct observation method,infrared camera method,and interview method to conduct habitat selection and suitability evaluation of the Syrmaticus humiae in the protected area and surrounding areas.,And put forward protection suggestions based on research.(1)Habitat Selection of Syrmaticus humiae in Spring.The results show:There were extremely significant difference between the experimental and control plots of the Syrmaticus humiae in the spring habitat in tree coverage,herb cover,and herb density,and there were significant differences in shrub cover and shrub density.The Principal components analysis shows that there were seven most important factors(with eigenvalue>1)dominating the Syrmaticus humiae habitat selection in spring.The total eigenvalue contribution of the seven factors was77.598%.Disturbance,safety and food factors were main factors influencing the selection of spring habitat of the Syrmaticus humiae,followed by water,trees,shrubs,geography and herbs.(2)Habitat Selection of Syrmaticus humiae in Summer.The results show:There were extremely significant difference between the experimental and control plots of the Syrmaticus humiae in the summer habitat in distance to water,distance to human residen,Distance to road resident,tree coverage and shrub coverage,and here were significant differences in Distance to habitat,Leaf litter coverage,tree height,tree density,shrub density and herb density.The Principal components analysis shows that there were six most important factors(with eigenvalue>1)dominating the Syrmaticus humiae habitat selection in summer.The total eigenvalue contribution of the six factors was 83.571%.Safety,water and food factors were main factors influencing the selection of spring habitat of the Syrmaticus humiae,followed by disturbance,geography,shrubs and herbs.(3)Habitat Selection of Syrmaticus humiae in Autumn and Winter.The results show:There were extremely significant difference between the experimental and control plots of the Syrmaticus humiae in the autumn and winter habitat in tree coverage,and here were significant differences in distance to water,shrub coverage,herb coverage and herb density.The Principal components analysis shows that there were six most important factors(with eigenvalue>1)dominating the Syrmaticus humiae habitat selection in autumn and winter.The total eigenvalue contribution of the six factors was 64.231%.Safety and food factors were main factors influencing the selection of spring habitat of the Syrmaticus humiae,followed by water,geography,shrubs,disturbance and tree.(4)Roost-site Selection of Syrmaticus humiae.The pheasant preferred conifer-broadleaf fores with good canopy as its Roost-site,and usually test on trees or shrubs,tree inhabits one or two-three.The roosting variations of Mrs Hume's Pheasant was analyzed by Independence sample T tested or Mann-Whitney U tested,the result indicated:there were significant(P<0.05)differences in slope,shrub coverage,herb coverage.Chi-square test was carried out on the Slope position of Roost-sites,The results showed that there were significant differences in the selection of slope position of Roost-sites.Principal Component Analysis(PCA)was used to discriminate which variables to determine the roost sites selection.The results showed the tree habitat factor,water factor,perch factors,upper concealment factors played a important role in roost selection.(5)Assessment of Habitat Suitability of Syrmaticus humiae.Used the MaxEnt model to analyze habitat suitability for Mrs Hume's Pheasant and the effects of these environment variables on habitat use.The results showed that:1)The accuracy of predicted models was relatively high area-under-the-curve(AUC)values of 0.931;2)Jackknife test indicated that distance road(Dtr),enhanced vegetation index of mean(EVImean),and Precipitation Seasonality(Bio 15)were the environment variables that most affected the habitat distribution of Mrs Hume's Pheasant;3)Throughout the entire study area,the suitable habitat covered an area of 42.88 km~2,the sub-suitable habitat covered 178.74 km~2 and the un-suitable habitat covered 249.23 km~2;4)The established protected areas covered 56.42%of suitable and sub-suitable habitat.However,there were still 96.56 km2 of suitable and sub-suitable habitat outside the protected area.