| Goitred gazelle(Gazella subgutturosa),which belongs to the Artiodactyla,Bovidae,and gazelle(Gazella),is distributed in the arid region of the Eurasian continent.It is a typical wild species of hoofed species in the desert and semi-desert areas.It is a national secondary protection wild animal,and the IUCN red list is classified as the vulnerable species(VU).The National Natural Reserve of Mongolia Mongolian Wild Ass and Saxoul(east longitude 106°15 '~108°00',north latitude 41°50 '~42°27')is located in the northern part of Wulate Back Banner,Bayannaoer city,which near the China-Mongolia border area.In the summer of 2016(7~8 months)and spring 2017(4~6 months),the author collected the habitat selection factor of the Goitred gazelle in this reserve.According to the current international issues of wildlife habitat and habitat conservation,this paper mainly focuses on the habitat of the Goitred gazelle.Use the selection index Wi and the selection coefficient Ei,the principal component analysis and the T test and the U test to analyze the different habitats' eigenvalues of different seasons,and to analyze the comparison between different seasons' selected features.This research will provide some scientific references for the protection and management of the Goitred gazelle.Using the selection index and selection coefficient,the results show that in spring,Goitred gazelle choose the slope degree of 5~10°and the middle slope position.They prefer the geomorphic feature of high plain.The selection of each index of the vegetation factor is random,only prefer the closer shrub distance.They prefer to be closer to the road,and have a random distance or a moderate distance to the water source(10~20 km).In summer,semi-cloudy slope is chosen,but the data show avoidance selection of cloudy slope.The gentle slope positions are selected,and show the random selection of slope orientation.Trace points and entity points appear more frequently in desert,but the geomorphic feature with preference coefficient are high plain and torso mountain.Shrub quantity is obviously selective,totally avoiding the environment with shrub height above 1.5 m.It shows preference and avoidance for vegetation coverage.It tends to choose areas far away from roads,and has a random or moderate distance to water source distance(10~20 km).Using principal component analysis research on ecological factors of habitat selection show that,in spring the cumulative contribution rate of the first 6 principal components is 72.556%,and in summer,the cumulative contribution rate of the first 5 principal components is 70.920%.In spring and summer,the correlation coefficients of slope degree,slope orientation,slope position,shrub type and shrub distance are all larger than others in principal components,the altitude and the geomorphic feature are smaller than others.The results of T test shows that in spring and summer,the differences of the slope orientation,slope degree and slope position are not significant(P>0.05),and the same as hiding cover,altitude and distance from road(P>0.05).However,there are significant differences in total vegetation coverage(P<0.05),herbaceous plant type(P<0.05),shrub type(P<0.05),shrub distance(P<0.05),shrub height(P<0.05),distance from residents(P<0.05),distance from water(P<0.05)and Geomorphic feature(P<0.05).By comparing the average data which show significant differences in spring and summer,we can see that there are obvious differences between the averages of spring and summer. |
PDF Full Text Request