Research On Mechanism Of Sand Producing And Technology Of Sand Control Measures

Sand production problems have been a major problem plaguing the oil industries.Because of sand production,it may cause cuts,such as oil and gas wells,casing equipment damage,environmental pollution,which makes oil companies lost several hundred million dollars every year.Sand production mechanism and technology of sand measures mainly include the following three areas: mechanisms of sand production,sand prediction,sand control measures.For the mechanism of sand production,It should firstly be analyzed the types of sand production: the precipitation of free sand,the precipitation of cemented sand weak,the precipitation of sand skeleton broken.Sand and sandstone of the nature of geological factors,the sensitivity of the reservoir and the fluid nature have a relationship with the sand production.It makes a summary about pressure drop and formation pressure of production,flow rate,water saturation or water injection,oil well completion and other development factors on the impact of sand.It makes a detailed analysis about the mechanism of the mechanics of sand form shear failure and tensile failure.Sand forecasts are studied from the following aspects: the empirical formula and graphical method,laboratory test,theoretical models forecasting method,a numerical model of sand.For the empirical formula,it is studied form the index of the sand production,Schlumberger method,acoustic transit-time and several other aspects;for the laboratory tests mainly from large-scale modeling and simulation;theoretical model for predict focus in tensile failure,shear failure and damage to secondary slip.After these two major aspects,it begins the choice of sand control measures.Sand control measures include mechanical,chemical,in addition to some other new technologies.The choice of sand control options includes the principle of sand control and some of the factors which must be considered.Evaluation of the Effects of sand is a very important step,which is from the sand content,production losses and validity.