Survey Of Occupational Identity And Occupational Exposure Among Nursing Students In A Health Vocational College

Objectives This study investigated the status quo of occupational identity and occupational exposure of nursing students in a health vocational college,to understand the status quo of occupational identity and occupational exposure of nursing students,to explore the relevant factors affecting their occupational identity and occupational exposure,and to provide theoretical basis for improving the level of occupational identity of nursing students and reducing the occupational exposure risks of nursing students.Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among 866 nursing students of three-year secondary vocational school,five-year higher vocational college,three-year tertiary college and 334 nursing students of 12 hospitals of different grades who were randomly selected from a health vocational college in May 2017,total 1200 questionnaires.Finally,1130 valid questionnaires were obtained.Questionnaires included self-made questionnaire and nurse professional identity rating scale.Self-made questionnaire included basic information,occupational exposure,occupational injury protection and sources of occupational protection knowledge.Epi Data 3.1 was used to set up the database,and two people entered the data and eliminated the unqualified questionnaires.The data were analyzed by SPSS 16.0.The measurement data were expressed and described by(x ± s).The comparison between the two groups was performed by t test,and the analysis of variance was used for comparison among multiple groups.Results A total of 1200 questionnaires were distributed and 1130 valid questionnaires were collected,with an effective rate of 94.17%.Of the 1130 respondents,64.4% were younger than 20 years old,95.5% were girls,43.6% were college graduates and 29.6% were interns,63.5% of them were interns in tertiary hospitals.The total score of professional identity of nursing students was 102.32±20.92,which was in the middle level.The average score of each dimension was as follows: the highest score of career self-reflection was 3.52±0.80,the lowest score of vocational social skills was 3.25±0.73,the score of professional social support was 3.51±0.74,the score of career frustration coping was 3.51±0.76,and the score of vocational cognitive evaluation was 3.30± 0.74.Grade analysis of professional identity score showed that: 62.4% of the respondents scored moderate,23.3% scored low,and only 14.3% scored high.There was no significant difference in the scores of professional identity among the respondents with different gender,age,educational background,whether internship or not,and different grades of internship hospital(all P > 0.05).Among 334 interns,the incidence of biological exposure was 38.62%,and the incidence of violent and aggressive injury was 35.92%.The scores of occupational identity of nursing students with history of biological exposure were lower than those of non-exposed ones,and the scores of occupational identity of nursing students with violent and aggressive injury were lower than those of non-exposed ones(all P < 0.05).There was statistical significance(P < 0.05),but there was no significant difference in the dimension of career self-reflection(P > 0.05).Conclusion Occupational identity of nursing students in a health vocational college is at a medium level.The occupational exposure rate of interns was higher,especially biological and violent aggressive injuries.Schools and practice hospitals should attach importance to the relevant factors affecting occupational identity and occupational exposure,and put forward corresponding solutions.The influence of occupational exposure on nursing students' occupational identity can not be ignored.Targeted support strategies should be formulated to improve the level of occupational identity of nursing students and reduce the incidence of occupational exposure.