Development And Application Of Diet Health Belief Questionnaire For Patients With Type 2 Diabetes

Objective: 1.To develop a diet health beliefs questionnaire of patients with type 2 diabetes and verify its reliability and validity.2.Initially apply this questionnaire to community type 2 diabetes patients to understand the status of diet health beliefs and its influencing factors,and provide a theoretical basis for intervention in community 2 diabetes patients’ diet health beliefs.Methods: 1.Based on the health belief model and its extended theory,combined with domestic and foreign literature review and research group discussions,a questionnaire pool of diet health beliefs for patients with type 2 diabetes was prepared.After expert consultation and pre-survey,a formal survey was conducted among patients with type 2 diabetes to collect data.Project analysis,exploratory factor analysis,confirmatory factor analysis and reliability test were used to verify the reliability and validity of the questionnaire.2.The convenience sampling method was used to select type 2 diabetes patients in a city community for questionnaire surveys.The main survey tools include: general information questionnaires,the diet health beliefs questionnaire for type 2 diabetes patients,diabetes diet knowledge questionnaire,diabetes distress scale,and social support questionnaire.SPSS 21.0 was used for statistical analysis of the data.Statistical methods include: descriptive analysis,t test,one-way analysis of variance,Pearson correlation,and multiple stepwise regression analysis.Results: 1.Questionnaire development: A total of 332 valid questionnaires were collected in the formal survey.Seven factors and 21 items were finally determined through exploratory factor analysis of the questionnaire on diet health beliefs of patients with type 2 diabetes.The cumulative contribution rate of the 7 factors was 82.973%,and the load of each item on the corresponding factors was> 0.7.There was a statistically significant difference in diet health belief scores on whether glycated hemoglobin reached the standard(P <0.05),and the criterion-related validity of the questionnaire was good.The overall questionnaire Cronbach α coefficient was 0.903,the split-half was 0.716,and the retest reliability was 0.708.Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the fitting indicators GFI,AGFI,NFI,CNF,and IFI were all above 0.90,and the model fit was good.2.Status of diet health beliefs: A total of 279 valid questionnaires were collected.The total scores of diet health beliefs for patients with type 2 diabetes in the community were(79.27 ± 11.08)points.A total of 20 people had poor diet health beliefs,accounting for 7.2%;158 people had moderate diet health beliefs,accounting for 56.6%;and 101 people had good diet health beliefs,accounting for 36.2%.3.Results of univariate analysis:There were significant differences in community diet health belief scores on type 2 diabetes in body mass index,blood glucose control in the past year,health education,glycated hemoglobin standards,and fasting blood glucose standards(P <0.05).Pearson correlation analysis showed that diet health beliefs were positively correlated with knowledge and social support(P <0.01)and negatively correlated with diabetes distress(P <0.01).4.Multiple stepwise regression analysis results: Knowledge of diabetes diet(β = 0.349),social support(β = 0.265),fasting blood glucose(β =-0.112),and diabetes distress(β =-0.107)entered the model,which could explain 28.6% of the total variation in diet health beliefs.Conclusions: 1.The diet health belief questionnaire for type 2 diabetes patients in this study contains 7 factors and 21 items.The reliability and validity of the test scale meet the requirements of the questionnaire,and it can be applied to practice surveys.2.Diet health beliefs in type 2 diabetes patients in community are at a moderate level and are affected by patients’ diet knowledge,diabetes distress,social support,and fasting blood glucose.Community workers should focus on helping patients with type 2 diabetes to establish correct diet health beliefs,and in practice pay attention to the impact of patient knowledge,social support,and emotion on the process of establishing correct beliefs.