A Research On The Phonology Of Kaiyuan Dialect

Kaiyuan dialect belongs to the small area of tongxi in Dong-Bei Mandarin,and its unique geographical location and immigration history make the research of Kaiyuan dialect meaningful.Based on the methods of field investigation and description,this paper tries to organize and record the phonetic system of Kaiyuan dialect,and contrast the Kaiyuan dialect with the neighbouring Mandarin by comparative method from the perspective of language contact.Findings are as follows:In terms of ancient entering tone characters,Kaiyuan dialect has no ones.The voiceless entering tone characters were included into four tones,which connects with ShangSheng of most entering tone characters in Jiao-Liao Mandarin,YangPing of most entering tone characters in Ji-lu Mandarin and the pursuit of short and promote tone of“fake falling tone”.In terms of literary and colloquial pronunciations,their finals in Kaiyuan dialect are systematic,which are mainly distributed in DangZeng kai first and third rhyme(????),JiangGeng kai second rhyme(????),and TongHe third rhyme(???).The colloquial pronunciations of Kaiyuan are mostly influenced by Ji-Lu Mandarin of Hebei,which belongs to the"third level"of literary and colloquial pronunciations from the point of view of overall development.Literary pronunciations and literary hierarchical pronunciations are dominant,which gradually replaces some colloquial pronunciations.In terms of tone sandhi,the thesis analyzes how the YinPing of first character's first tone transforms into YangPing in unconventional disyllabic tone sandhi,which reveals three reasons.They are ancient sound left,unstable pronunciation of entering tone characters,and prosodic adjustment.It also summarzies the distribution of tone pattern and pitch of neighbouring dialects'YingPing tone,and analyze how the unconventional disyllabic tone sandhi of YingPing changes in view of language contact.Moreover,some“YingPing+X”transforms into“YangPing+unstressed tone”by prosodic sandhi in Kaiyuan,which is consistent with some“ShangSheng+ShangSheng”tone sandhi of verb reduplication XX type.Therefore,it shows the mode of“rising tone[35]—falling tone[3]”.