| Since Li Na won the French Open in 2011 and the Australian Open in 2014,there has been a "tennis fever" across the country.A large number of teenagers are attracted by this sport and join the reserve tennis talent team.However,at present,the training system of young tennis reserve talents in China is still in the stage of exploration and development.It is necessary to find a suitable training mode for our tennis reserve talents,and there are still many problems to be solved in this process.As one of the host cities of atp1000 masters,Shanghai has a strong tennis atmosphere.In the process of the reform of competitive sports,combining with its own urban characteristics,it has gradually formed four types of reserve talents training models,namely "sports team(little sports school)","tennis club","tennis characteristic school" and "family individual training",and developed Shanghai in a diversified and simultaneous way Tennis reserve team.But at present,all kinds of training modes are not perfect,and there is no outstanding tennis reserve force representative in the training process.Therefore,it is urgent to study the current situation and influencing factors of the diversified cultivation of young tennis reserve talents in Shanghai,find out the advantages and disadvantages of the current training of reserve talents,find out the training mode suitable for Shanghai and even the whole country,and make contributions to the development of competitive tennis in China.This paper takes the athletes and coaches under the diversified training mode of Shanghai youth tennis reserve talents as the research object.By using the methods of questionnaire,literature,on-the-spot investigation,interview and data statistics,this paper studies the basic situation,cultural learning,training and competition of athletes in different training modes,and explores the factors influencing the cultivation of reserve tennis talents in Shanghai.The conclusions are as follows:1.The training of tennis reserve talents in Shanghai shows the trend of "integration" of sports system,education system and social system.The government still needs to strengthen the decentralization of competitive sports in the social system,and the policy "sense of landing" is not strong.2.The athletes in the junior sports school are still the main force in the reserve tennis talent training team of Shanghai.However,the training resources of this model are insufficient,the number of coaches is insufficient and the salary level is low.3.Some tennis clubs have clear division of training tasks and sufficient resources compared with other modes.However,the coaches of most clubs are lack of "sports experience" and high mobility,and the clubs still focus on "for-profit training".4.Tennis characteristic school is the main purpose of popularizing and popularizing tennis,and it is the key group of training mode and material selection in junior sports school.However,the "one-stop" training system of this model is not perfect,the allocation of resources is not reasonable,and parents pay low attention to it.5.Under the family personal training mode,the athletes have rich competition experience and flexible time.However,the model is not mature in China at present,with high investment cost and high risk.6.The contradiction between learning and training is still a longterm problem in the cultivation of reserve talents of competitive sports.Most of the athletes train in the form of walking training,but in the face of the contradiction between learning and training,they still focus on cultural learning,which limits the development of competitive ability of young tennis players in Shanghai.7.From the overall situation,Shanghai youth tennis reserve talent base is large,but the age structure of athletes is unreasonable.Athletes lack experience in international competitions.The research ability of coaches in Shanghai is not strong.8.The main factors influencing the diversified cultivation of young tennis reserve talents in Shanghai are athletes,coaches,policies and systems,conditions,social environment and international factors.And put forward corresponding suggestions:1.Actively encourage the development of municipal tennis clubs,give social training institutions the right to enjoy national resource sharing and subsidies,each training mode takes its own needs,complementary advantages.2.Increase the financial allocation to the sports system to ensure that the training resources of the sports schools are sufficient.Increase the number of coaches and increase the salary of coaches in the sports system.3.Standardize the training of reserve talents in tennis clubs,improve the entry threshold of coaches,and investigate and increase qualified clubs as the training base of reserve talents.4.Improve the "one-stop" training system of tennis characteristic schools,and increase the communication opportunities with other school teams.5.Actively encourage family individuals to train excellent tennis players and give preferential policies and conditions.6.Use modern network technology to build a mobile learning mode suitable for athletes;broaden the channels for athletes to enter higher education,improve the level of education of athletes,solve the security problems of athletes after retirement,and alleviate the contradictions between learning and training in many ways.7.Improve the incentive mechanism for athletes and coaches;increase the number of coaches in the schools with less sports and tennis characteristics,and increase the training opportunities for coaches.8.Expand the scale of tennis competition,improve the competition system,learn from foreign advanced training methods,introduce or host youth international events,and increase the exchange opportunities between athletes and high-level youth tennis players in the world. |
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