The Year Of The Child And The Reform Of Children's Education During The Republic Of China

Children,as a disadvantaged group,have been neglected in the past many years.In recent years,the research perspectives of scholars have gradually shifted downwards.The groups of the bottom society have entered their horizons,accompanied by the discovery of young lives such as "children".The children in the past were confined to the concept of "three seniors,five regulars,and the old man".Their living conditions and education were unknown to us,but they also had their own childhood.In 1931,the Chinese Kindergarten Association proposed the establishment of Children's Day.After that,it was designated as Children's Day on April 4.This is also China's first Children's Day.To further benefit children,the Children's Year was born from August 1,1935 to July 31,1936.The government and various social circles have organized a variety of commemorative activities to celebrate the Year of the Child and carried out a series of educational reforms.Through combing the ins and outs of the children's year and the specific activities of children's education reform,not only can people have a detailed understanding of its overall appearance,but more importantly,they can understand people's exploration of children's educational concepts during this period.Although the children's year is short-lived,its historical significance and important changes during this period cannot be ignored.In this paper,the year of children and the reform of children's education during this period are taken as the research object.This paper adopts the method of literature analysis,historical research and case analysis.By clarifying the educational reforms of children during this period,this paper presents the changes of children's years during the Republic of China and the changes made by the government and social organizations in children's education,so as to investigate the transformation of children's views behind them.This paper is divided into the following five parts:The introduction part mainly expounds the reasons of choosing the topic,the definition of related concepts,the research status of the subject in China and the research methods used in this paper.The first chapter mainly introduces Children's Year of foreign countries,the background of the establishment of Children's Year and the process of establishment,propaganda and development of Children's Year in China,to solve the problem of"what the year of children was"," why the year of children was set up "and "how the year of children were held" and so on.The paper makes a general review of the general situations of the year of children.The second chapter focuses on the innovation of the children's education made by the government during the year of children.The innovation made by the government mainly included three initiatives:the exhibition of children's books and toys,the implementation of compulsory education and the implementation of the"abolition of corporal punishment".This chapter also introduces the details of the implementation of compulsory education and the abolition of corporal punishment in Jiangsu and Anhui area,and analyzes the influences brought by these measures.The third chapter mainly discusses the efforts made by social organizations before and after the Children's Year,including propagandas and educational practices.And this chapter focuses on the role played by social organizations in children's educational reforms.The concluding part summarizes the positive aspects and shortcomings of all the work done during the year of children.