| Watershed is a compound area of natural geography and social economy,as the typical unit for implementing eco-compensation,and reasonable compensation thresholds is the core of the research on eco-compensation.Based on the meteorological,remote sensing,soil and land use data of the Min River Basin in 2000,2005,2010,2015,analyzed the changes in important ecosystem services before and after the implementation of eco-compensation,and consider the ecological conditions of the basin under different scenarios in the future.Selected 2015 as the reference,according to the watershed ecosystem services value and input opportunity cost,reasonably divided the compensation carrier,calculated the compensation threshold,and improved compensation.The results showed that:(1)The forest coverage percentage of Min River Basin is relatively high under the current conditions,the area of paddy fields,dry land,mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forests,shrubs,grasslands and wetlands showed a downward trend,the grassland had the largest decrease,of 44.64%.Coniferous forests,broad-leaved forests,water areas,construction land,transportation land,mining farms and bare the land area was on the rise,and transportation land increased the most,227.27%.The constructed CA-Markov model has high simulation accuracy,and the designed ecological protection scenario performs well in the optimization of land use pattern.(2)The study area has a strong ecosystem service,and the spatial differentiation law was obvious.In general,the ecosystem services were upstream>midstream>downstream,and the implementation of eco-compensation showed an overall rise trend,the water supply services was the most obvious.The designed ecological protection scenario is more effective than the existing development scenario,basically,the level of various services has been well maintained and increased.The value of ecosystem services in the study area in 2015 was 3056.51ⅹ10~8CNY,of which the value of water supply services accounted for 52.93%,and the value of water purification services only accounted for 0.1%.(3)Study area determined Pucheng,Wuyishan,Guangze,Songxi,Jianyang,Shunchang,Jianou,Zhenghe,Liancheng,Ninghua,Qingliu,Jianning,Mingxi,Taining,Jiangle as the compensation objects,while the other areas were the compensation subjects.Based on the value of regional ecosystem services and the opportunity cost of lost,the total compensation for the compensation objects in 2015was determined to be between 8.41ⅹ10~8CNY—102.50ⅹ10~8CNY.Divided the eco-compensation security pattern of the Min River Basin under the ecological protection scenario,distinguished the eco-compensation carriers,and divided the compensated objects into water conservation and ecological barrier protection areas,soil erosion and agricultural production management areas,water system restoration and wetland protection areas,pollution control and human settlement environment management areas,classified policies to achieved refined management of ecological protection and restoration.The research results can provide a scientific basis for the delimitation of ecological key areas and eco-compensation in the Min River Basin. |
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