| The "14th Five-Year Plan" proposes to strengthen the construction of water conservancy infrastructure to promote the modernization of our country’s infrastructure.As an important part of water conservancy infrastructure,reservoir dams play a key role in safeguarding and improving people’s livelihood and promoting social and economic development.However,the rapid expansion of its scale and number is bound to be accompanied by environmental problems,especially during the construction phase.Once the environmental protection work is not paid enough attention or implemented in the construction stage,it may cause serious environmental damage.Therefore,the environmental protection evaluation of the construction of reservoir dam engineering construction is urgent.In view of this,this article evaluates the level of environmental protection during the construction phase of reservoir dam projects,excavates environmental protection factors,explores construction environmental protection strategies,and then proposes targeted improvement measures to promote the green development of such projects.The main research contents are as follows:(1)Analyze the factors affecting the construction environment of the reservoir dam project.Taking multiple environmental destructive factors during the construction process as the starting point,including project construction,project land occupation,transportation,construction subsidiary production,and construction personnel’s daily life.Summarize the types,sources,and possible consequences of environmental impact factors of reservoir dam construction in two stages: data collection and on-site investigation,provide ideas for the choice of the indicator system construction framework.(2)Establish an environmental protection evaluation index system for the construction of reservoir and dam projects.Design an indicator system framework for water pollution control,noise pollution control,air pollution control,solid waste treatment,ecological damage control,and population health protection in accordance with relevant technical guidelines;preliminary selection of indicators based on the literature,norms and standards,and the environmental impact assessment materials that have been mastered;integrate the reliability test results of the questionnaire and expert opinions to screen and establish an index system;refer to the number of environmental risk assessment grades to divide the evaluation grades of the indicators into five grades:poor,passing,medium,good,and excellent,and explain the classification standards of different indicators in accordance with national laws and regulations and relevant standards and specifications.(3)Establish an environmental protection evaluation model for the construction of reservoir dam engineering.Through the argumentation and selection of evaluation methods,the entropy method and the analytic hierarchy process are coupled into the EWAHP method to determine the combination weight of the indicators to avoid errors caused by lack of information and subjective judgments;select the unascertained measure theory to build a comprehensive evaluation model to solve the problem of information uncertainty when the index is quantified,so as to ensure the operability of the evaluation and the accuracy of the evaluation results.(4)Case demonstration.The construction environmental protection evaluation of the dam project of the Golden Gorge Reservoir was carried out to verify the reliability of the built evaluation index system and evaluation model.At the same time,it examines the relationship between the indicator score and the boundary line of unstable regions,and divides the indicators into four categories: key rectification,moderate improvement,optimization and adjustment,and continued maintenance,in order to clarify the improvement sequence and propose targeted improvement measures to further improve the construction environmental protection level of the project,and provide reference and reference for similar projects. |
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