Risk Factors Of Macular Edema In Diabetic Patients After Cataract Surgery

ObjectiveThis study mainly analyzed the risk factors of diabetic macular edema（DME）in patients with diabetes mellitus（DM）after cataract surgery.MethodPatients with non proliferative diabetic retinopathy（NPDR）in our hospital from May 2019 to may 2021 were selected Methods:162 patients with DME after cataract surgery in retinopathy（NPDR）stage were included in the study.Another 91 patients without DME in the same period were selected as the control group.All patients underwent phacoemulsification.The age,duration of diabetes,blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin of the patients were recorded Visual acuity examination,fundus examination,fundus photography and macular OCT examination were performed before operation,3 days,2 weeks and 1 month after operation.DME was defined as 30.00%of fovea retinal thickness>preoperative baseline.162 patients with DME were classified as edema group and 91 control patients as non edema group.Logistic regression analysis was used Objective to analyze the risk factors of DME after cataract surgery in DM patients.ResultThere was no significant difference in gender,age and body mass index（BMI）between the two groups（P<0.05）.The edema group had the most patients in non proliferative stage Ⅲ,the appropriate amount in stage Ⅱ and the least number in stageⅠ.In the non edema group,most patients were in stage Ⅰ,moderate in stage Ⅱ and least in stage Ⅲ.There were more female patients than men in both groups.The best corrected visual acuity of the edema group was significantly lower than that of the non edema group,and the macular fovea thickness was significantly higher than that of the non edema group（P<0.05）.The macular volume of the two groups increased at 1 week after operation,and the macular volume of the edema group decreased significantly at 3 months after operation.The macular volume of the edema group was greater than that of the non edema group before operation,1 week,1 month and 3 months after operation（P<0.05）.Univariate analysis showed that diabetes duration,blood glucose,DME and blood lipid were risk factors for DME after cataract surgery（P<0.05）.Multivariate analysis showed that diabetes duration,blood glucose,HBAIC and blood lipid were independent risk factors for DME after cataract surgery（P<0.05）.ConclusionThe incidence of DME is higher in DM patients after cataract surgery.The macular volume in DME patients will gradually recover after surgery.The duration of diabetes is the most important risk factor for retinopathy.The longer the course of disease,the more severe the retinopathy.In addition,hyperglycemia,high HBAIC and hyperlipidemia are all risk factors for DME.