Research On Ethical Issues In Precision Medicine

Precision medicine is a brand-new model in the field of medicine.It integrates biology,computer science,big data and other fields into a new field.It integrates individual characteristics of patients,living environment factors and other biotechnologies.It uses advanced biotechnologies such as gene detection to carry out accurate diagnosis and treatment,identify the risks of disease genetic transmission,and carry out efficient and accurate assessment of future disease risks,thus improving the overall health level of human beings and saving social medical resources.After expounding the connotation,historical development and characteristics of precision medicine,this paper proposes that the main application fields of precision medicine include cancer diagnosis and treatment,clinical drug guidance,chronic disease prevention and control and prenatal detection.Then,it discusses the three ethical problems that precision medicine mainly faces in the application process: the accuracy and effectiveness of diagnosis and treatment,the sharing and privacy protection of personal biological data and the fairness of social medical resource allocation.In terms of accuracy,absolute accurate diagnosis and treatment of diseases cannot be achieved due to the diversity and complexity of disease treatment principles,the particularity of individuals and the existing biotechnology.In the aspect of individual biological data sharing and privacy protection,it faces the paradox of sharing and protection.How to deal with this ethical problem is related to the healthy development of precision medicine and the privacy safety of individual biological information.Finally,precision medicine is currently used in many aspects in cancer prevention and treatment,but the high cost of detection and treatment has increased the economic burden of patients.Whether to include cancer-targeted drugs into the health insurance system to promote the fairness of social medical resources allocation is a problem that we should pay attention to.In view of the ethical problems mentioned above,this paper analyzes the causes from the technical level,the social level and the participant level respectively.At the technical level,it is proposed that personal gene detection technology and biological information big data technology are the two major technical supports in precision medicine,which bring difficulties to the development of precision medicine in the application process.On the social level,the acceptance of audience groups and the commercialization of precision medicine have a certain impact on the development of precision medicine.In terms of participants,the impact of government,biotechnology companies,medical personnel and individuals on the development ofprecision medicine was discussed respectively.After analyzing the causes,this paper expounds the existing ethical basis of precision medicine and proposes that responsibility ethics can be introduced into the ethical paradigm construction of precision medicine.It also proposes that the solution of ethical problems in modern precision medicine requires joint efforts and cooperation under the premise of all parties’ clear responsibilities and strengthening the sense of responsibility,so as to safeguard the legitimate interests of researchers,medical staff and patients,promote social fairness and justice,and further promote the healthy and orderly development of precision medicine.