| Background Due to global climate change and serious environmental pollution,the prevalence of Allergic Rhinitis(AR)is 10%~20% worldwide,while the prevalence of AR in China is 4%~38%[1].The acute attack of AR will show symptoms such as sneezing,runny nose and nasal discomfort.In severe cases,it will cause diseases such as bronchial asthma and secretory otitis media,which will seriously affect the work and life of the patients,and even lead to mental illness,causing a heavy social burden.A large number of studies at home and abroad have found that the pathogenesis of AR is very complex,and oversecretion of nasal glands is one of its important characteristics.At present,commonly used drugs for the treatment of allergic rhinitis include antihistamines,antileukin-triene drugs and other drugs,as well as glucocorticoids with strong anti-inflammatory effects.However,hormone drug have more side effects and will cause great damage to the body if used for a long time.In recent years,botanical drugs have been a hot spot in the treatment of allergic rhinitis,which has important economic and scientific value and is regarded as a new alternative therapy.For this reason,we tried to treat allergic rhinitis with 1,8-Cineole.Objective To observe the effects of 1,8-Cineole on serum inflammatory cytokines(IL-1β,TNF-α)and nasal mucosal aquaporin 5(AQP5)in rats with allergic rhinitis(AR)induced by ovalbumin(OVA).Methods A total of 50 SD rats were randomly divided into 5 groups by random number table method,which were control group,AR model group,1,8-Cineole100mg/kg group,1,8-Cineole50mg/kg group,dexamethasone group,with 10 rats in each group.AR rat model was established by OVA sensitization except the control group.After successful modeling,drug intervention was given,once a day.Each group was tested at two time points at 2 and 4 weeks of intervention.AR symptom behavior of rats in each group was recorded by nasal symptom behavior score.The nasal mucosa was observed by HE staining.Serum levels of interleukin-1β(IL-1β)and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).The expression and distribution of aquaporin 5(AQP5)in nasal mucosa were detected by immunohistochemical method.Western blotting was used to detect the expression of AQP5 in nasal mucosa.Results AR model of rats was successfully established.The behavioral score of the control group was(1.40±0.51),and that of the other model groups was(6.36±0.49),and the difference was statistically significant.Compared with the AR model group,the behavioral scores of the rats treated with different doses of 1,8-Cineole significantly decreased.The histological observation showed that the injured nasal mucosa epithelium of rats treated with different doses of 1,8-Cineole showed improvement,and the glands and ducts gradually recovered.Serum was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Compared with the control group,the serum IL-1β,TNF-α concentration was significantly increased in AR model group.The serum concentrations of IL-1β and TNF-α in all drug intervention groups were decreased to different degrees compared with the AR model group,with statistical significance(all P<0.05).Immuno-histochemical results showed that AQP5 was mainly located in the epithelial cells,basal cells and glandular cells of the nasal mucosa.Western blotting analysis showed that the expression of AQP5 in nasal mucosa of AR model group was lower than that of control group(2W:0.41±0.12vs1.12±0.15;4W:0.42±0.11vs1.13±0.18)(all P<0.05).The nasal mucosa AQP5 of rats in 1,8-Cineole50mg/kg,1,8-Cineole100mg/kg and dexame-thasone groups increased to different degrees compared with AR model group,and the differences were statistically significant(2W:0.82±0.14/1.22±0.13/1.23±0.12 vs 0.41±0.12;4W:1.13±0.16/1.23±0.15/ 1.24±0.16vs0.42±0.11)(all P<0.05).Conclusions 1,8-Cineole can relieve edema of nasal mucosa tissue in rats with allergic rhinitis,and relieve unpleasant symptoms such as sneezing and runny nose.The mechanism may be related to regulating the expression of AQP5 in nasal mucosa by decreasing the serum IL-1β,TNF-α level in rats with allergic rhinitis. |
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